Question 1

Q: The patient who developed a rash on the skin, hypotension, and difficulty in breathing after being given 2 g of ampicillin intravenously should be managed by.

0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intramuscular injection. ***0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intramuscular injection*** - This presentation describes **anaphylaxis**, characterized by a rapid onset of rash, **hypotension**, and **difficulty breathing** following drug administration. - The immediate and definitive treatment for anaphylaxis is **intramuscular adrenaline (epinephrine)**, typically at a concentration of **1:1000** for rapid absorption and systemic effect. *0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intravenous injection* - **Intravenous adrenaline** is generally reserved for patients who are unresponsive to intramuscular administration or are in **cardiac arrest**, as it carries a higher risk of adverse effects like arrhythmias. - The initial, first-line treatment in an evolving anaphylactic reaction should be **intramuscular injection** due to its safer profile and rapid onset of action. *0.5 ml of 1:10000 adrenaline by intramuscular injection* - A concentration of **1:10,000 adrenaline** is typically used for **intravenous administration** during advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) protocols, not for initial intramuscular injection in anaphylaxis. - Administering 1:10,000 adrenaline intramuscularly would provide a **suboptimal dose** for treating severe anaphylaxis effectively. *0.5 ml of 1:10000 adrenaline by intravenous injection* - While intravenous adrenaline uses a **1:10,000 concentration**, it's not the initial route for managing anaphylaxis unless the patient is in **cardiac arrest** or unresponsive to IM adrenaline. - Starting with IV adrenaline carries a higher risk of **cardiac complications** and can be difficult to administer promptly in an emergency outside of a controlled setting. [Practice more Pharmacology PYQs on OnCourse]

Question

The patient who developed a rash on the skin, hypotension, and difficulty in breathing after being given 2 g of ampicillin intravenously should be managed by.

Accepted Answer

0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intramuscular injection

Answer

0.5 ml of 1:1000 adrenaline by intravenous injection

Answer

0.5 ml of 1:10000 adrenaline by intramuscular injection

Answer

0.5 ml of 1:10000 adrenaline by intravenous injection

INI-CET 2019 — Pharmacology