Abdominal emergencies — Flashcards

Flashcard 131: RLQ pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia (loss of appetite) and fever is suggestive of _____ and warrants immediate surgery

Answer: acute appendicitis

Flashcard 132: What is tx of acute cholecystitis? _____

Answer: Emergent cholecystectomy (percutaneous cholecystostomy if unstable)

Flashcard 133: Biliary cysts require surgical resection to relieve obstruction and prevent the development of _____

Answer: cholangiocarcinoma

Flashcard 134: What is the initial management for hemodynamically stable patients with an appendiceal abscess? _____

Answer: Conservative: IV hydration, antibiotics, and bowel rest

Flashcard 135: What is management for small periappendiceal abscess? _____

Answer: Bowel rest, IV antibiotic therapy followed by interval appendectomy after 6–8 weeks

Flashcard 136: What is the treatment for sigmoid volvulus w/o peritonitis? _____

Answer: Rigid/flexible sigmoidoscopic detorsion of the volvulus

Flashcard 137: How would an induced rectal prolapse be described? _____

Answer: Erythematous mass with concentric rings extending through the anus

Flashcard 138: What is the **definitive management** of duodenal atresia?\n_____

Answer: Surgical repair (e.g., duodenoduodenostomy)

Flashcard 139: What are the two most common mechanisms that cause abrupt arterial occlusion in the setting of acute mesenteric ischemia? _____

Answer: Cardiac embolic events (in setting of AFib, valvular dz) Acute thrombosis (d/t PAD or low CO states)

Flashcard 140: _____ is a type of groin hernia that protrudes below the inguinal ligament through the femoral canal.\n\nIt is more likely to be strangulated, so it should be treated with elective surgery.

Answer: Femoral hernia

Extra: Femoral hernias have a high risk of incarceration and strangulation. Unlike asymptomatic inguinal hernias, which can sometimes be managed with watchful waiting, femoral hernias should be repaired promptly (electively) once diagnosed.