Abdominal emergencies US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Abdominal emergencies with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Abdominal emergencies Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 121: Perforation pain is _____
Answer: constant
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/abdominal-pain/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 122: What is the treatment for gallstone ileus?
_____
Answer: Enterolithotomy (surgical removal of stone)
Extra: The primary goal is to relieve the mechanical bowel obstruction via enterolithotomy. Cholecystectomy and fistula repair are typically deferred to a later date, as these patients are often elderly with multiple comorbidities.
Flashcard 123: Free air under the diaphragm on upright chest X-ray indicates _____
Answer: perforation of the bowel
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/abdominal-pain/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 124: What do you do to keep bowel decompressed during omphalocele/gastroschisis?
_____
Answer: NG tube
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 125: What is the management for stable patients with acute mesenteric ischemia after medical therapy?
_____
Answer: Balloon angioplasty and stenting
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/gi-bleed/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 126: Adhesions are the most common cause of _____
Answer: mechanical bowel obstruction
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/small-bowel/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 127: RLQ pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia (loss of appetite) and fever is suggestive of _____ and warrants immediate surgery
Answer: acute appendicitis
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/small-bowel/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 128: Why can **lactulose** use make surgery for a liver transplant more challenging?
_____
Answer: It causes gaseous bowel distention
Extra: Lactulose is an osmotic laxative fermented by gut flora into gas (CO2, H2). This gas causes bowel distention, which limits the available space in the abdominal cavity, making the transplant surgery technically more difficult. Rifaximin is often preferred pre-operatively because it does not cause this gaseous distention. (Source: OnlineMedEd)
Flashcard 129: When is surgery indicated in Crohn's disease?
_____
Answer: Only for **complications** (e.g., strictures/obstruction, fistulas, abscess, or perforation)
Extra: Surgery in Crohn's disease is not curative (unlike in Ulcerative Colitis) and is therefore reserved for the management of complications.
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/colorectal/acquire
Flashcard 130: If a **carcinoid** tumor in the appendix is **< 2 cm**, _____ is definitive management.
If a **carcinoid** tumor in the appendix is **> 2 cm**, right hemicolectomy is definitive management.
Answer: appendectomy
Extra: Management of appendiceal carcinoid (neuroendocrine tumor):
• < 2 cm and confined to the tip/body: Appendectomy is sufficient.
• > 2 cm, involvement of the appendiceal base, or mesoappendiceal invasion: Right hemicolectomy.
Note: Adenocarcinoma of the appendix (much less common than carcinoid) requires a right hemicolectomy regardless of size.
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