Polysomnography and sleep studies — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: What demographic is associated with increased REM sleep and decreased REM latency? _____

Answer: Patients with depression

Flashcard 2: Which stage of sleep does bedwetting occur? _____

Answer: Stage N3

Flashcard 3: Narcolepsy is associated with _____ (e.g. hypnagogic and hypnopompic)

Answer: hallucinations

Flashcard 4: Narcolepsy is characterized by nocturnal and narcoleptic sleep episodes that start with _____ sleep (sleep paralysis)

Answer: REM

Flashcard 5: _____ hallucinations occur while waking from sleep; sometimes seen in narcolepsy

Answer: Hypnopompic

Flashcard 6: _____ hallucinations occur while going to sleep; sometimes seen in narcolepsy

Answer: Hypnagogic

Flashcard 7: Which stage of sleep do sleepwalking and night terrors occur? _____

Answer: Stage N3

Flashcard 8: What is the primary neurotransmitter that inhibits REM sleep?

Answer: norepinephrine (NE)

Flashcard 9: What sleep changes are common in the elderly?

Answer: less REM and slow-wave sleep more latency and awakenings

Flashcard 10: What are the key characteristics and clinical associations of Sleep Stage N3?

Answer: deep sleep, sleepwalking, night terrors, bedwetting

Extra: Characterized by delta waves (low frequency, high amplitude). This is the stage where non-REM parasomnias like sleepwalking (somnambulism) and night terrors occur.