Central disorders of hypersomnolence — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Insomnia can be treated in multiple nonpharmacologic ways; including _____ restriction

Answer: sleep

Flashcard 2: Does narcolepsy have a strong or weak genetic component? _____

Answer: Strong

Flashcard 3: Narcolepsy is associated with _____ (e.g. hypnagogic and hypnopompic)

Answer: hallucinations

Flashcard 4: _____ disorder is characterized by inconsolable periods of terror with screaming in the middle of the night (stage N3 sleep)

Answer: Sleep terror

Flashcard 5: _____ hallucinations occur while waking from sleep; sometimes seen in narcolepsy

Answer: Hypnopompic

Flashcard 6: What drug may be used to reduce nightmares in PTSD? _____

Answer: Prazosin

Flashcard 7: _____ hallucinations occur while going to sleep; sometimes seen in narcolepsy

Answer: Hypnagogic

Flashcard 8: Sleep in the elderly is associated with _____ REM latency

Answer: decreased

Extra: Changes in sleep patterns with normal aging: - ↓ Total sleep time - ↓ REM sleep duration - ↓ N3 (Slow-wave sleep / Deep sleep) - ↑ Sleep latency (increased time to fall asleep) - ↓ REM latency (REM occurs earlier in the night)

Flashcard 9: What is the primary neurotransmitter that inhibits REM sleep?

Answer: norepinephrine (NE)

Flashcard 10: What sleep changes are common in the elderly?

Answer: less REM and slow-wave sleep more latency and awakenings