Gas exchange — Flashcards

Flashcard 111: Methemoglobinemia is associated with _____ O2 saturation on pulse oximetry and _____ PaO2

Answer: decreased (85%)

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Flashcard 112: Is it more efficient to change tidal volume or respiratory rate to change O2 and CO2 levels? _____

Answer: Tidal Volume

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Flashcard 113: Hypoventilation = _____ A-a gradient and respiratory acidosis

Answer: ↔

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Flashcard 114: ↓ DLCO = _____

Answer: emphysema

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Flashcard 115: What is the normal range of Pco2, arterial blood (room air)?

Answer: From 33 to 45 mm Hg

Flashcard 116: What is the normal range of PO2, arterial blood (room air)?

Answer: From 75 to 105 mm Hg

Flashcard 117: Biologist are investigating structural changes with oxygen loading and unloading. -During transition from point 1 to point 2 on the graph. -Hemoglobin molecules are most likely to release what? a.) Chloride b.) Heme c.) Oxygen d.) Phosphate e.) Protons

Answer: e.) Protons The graph is oxygen saturation based, (compare to Hb base "the vertical axis of the graph"). So when the graph shift to the right RBC are releasing H+ instead of Oxygen. due to borhaldane effect

Flashcard 118: 28 y/o man comes with anxiety, weakness, dyspnea, & headaches. -He was accidently exposed to nitrites in his research lab. -Physical exam: cyanosis that is not improved by administration of supplemental oxygen via facemask. -Analysis of a sample of arterial blood drasn from this patient prior to any oxygen supplementation is most likely to reveal normal value of what?

Answer: Normal partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood in other words the pO2 won't change even tough the patient has methemoglobinemia due to Nitrates which converts Fe2+ (hemoglobin) to Fe3+ (methemoglobin) pO2: represents amount of oxygen dissolved in the plasma. FE3+ just won't be able to bring new oxygen into the bloodstream because it can't carry oxygen.

Flashcard 119: In a healthy patient, can exercise alone make patients hypoxemic?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 120: The lung diffusing capacity (DL) is the equivalent of _____ of the alveolar-pulmonary capillary barrier

Answer: permeability