Alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Clinical features of ARDS include hypoxemia and cyanosis with respiratory distress due to a _____ diffusion barrier

Answer: thickened

Flashcard 2: What cause of hypoxemia is not greatly helped by supplemental O2?_____

Answer: Right-to-left shunt

Flashcard 3: The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveolar air (PAO2) and arterial blood (PaO2) is normally approximately _____ mmHg

Answer: 100

Flashcard 4: When patients have diseased lung tissue (e.g. fibrosis/emphysema) O2 transfer becomes _____-limited

Answer: diffusion

Flashcard 5: Is the A - a gradient normal, increased, or decreased, in response to diffusion defects (e.g. fibrosis, pulmonary edema)? _____

Answer: Increased

Flashcard 6: What is the effect of increased alveolar ventilation on arteriolar (and alveolar) Pco2?_____

Answer: Decreased Pco2

Flashcard 7: What is the secondary regulator of cerebral perfusion?

Answer: PO2 - only takes effect during severe hypoxia

Flashcard 8: What is the primary regulator of cerebral perfusion?

Answer: PCO2

Flashcard 9: How long can the brain withstand hypoxia before sustaining irreversible damage?

Answer: 5 minutes

Flashcard 10: In the _____, HCO3- enters the red blood cells in exchange for Cl-

Answer: lungs

Extra:  Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/blood?index=12] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki