Cardiovascular — Flashcards

Flashcard 531: Identify the heart sound heard at the apex (bell, left lateral decubitus) produced by atrial contraction into a non-compliant ventricle:\n\n_____

Answer: S4 gallop

Flashcard 532: _____ syncope can be reproduced by stimulating visceral organs, carotid stimulation, or emotional disturbances (blood)

Answer: Vasovagal

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/syncope/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 533: _____ presents with: - Ipsilateral spastic paralysis (corticospinal tract) - Ipsilateral loss of vibration/proprioception (dorsal columns) - Contralateral loss of pain and temperature (spinothalamic tract)

Answer: Brown-Sequard syndrome

Flashcard 534: How do the following laboratory values change during pregnancy? Total T3/T4: _____ Free T3/T4: _____ TSH: _____

Answer: Increased

Extra: Thyroid changes in pregnancy: 1. **Increased TBG** (due to estrogen) leads to increased **Total T4/T3**. 2. **hCG** mimics TSH, stimulating the thyroid to increase Free T4 slightly, which suppresses **TSH** (primarily in the 1st trimester). 3. The net result is High Total T4, Normal Free T4, and Low/Normal-Low TSH. https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/medical-disease/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 535: Age-associated sleep patterns include: _____ Total sleep time _____ Nocturnal awakenings _____ Sleep during early morning hours _____ Day time napping _____ Day time sleep latency _____ REM sleep latency

Answer: ↓

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/psychiatry/sleep-physiology/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 536: Tetanus toxin (tetanospasmin) travels via _____ transport to the spinal cord

Answer: retrograde

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 537: Exogenous androgens (anabolic steroids) = _____ hematocrit

Answer: ↑

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/psychiatry?ref=anki 

Flashcard 538: Muscle tingling or numbness and tetany (spasms) is caused by _____

Answer: hypocalcemia

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/nephrology/calcium/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 539: Low serum K+ levels can cause seizures _____

Answer: F

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 540: ↑ Estrogen (pregnancy, OCP) = _____ thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) = _____ total T3/T4 and _____ free T3/T4

Answer: ↑

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki