Cardiovascular — Flashcards

Flashcard 331: What changes occur during the process of spermiogenesis? - Loss of _____ - Gain of a(n) _____ cap - Development of _____

Answer: cytoplasmic contents

Flashcard 332: Ghrelin is secreted from the stomach during _____ states

Answer: fasting

Flashcard 333: Within seconds of cardiac ischemia, myofibrils relax and cardiomyocytes shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, which leads to the depletion of _____

Answer: ATP

Extra: Ischemia results in an immediate cessation of aerobic metabolism and a shift to anaerobic glycolysis. Myocardial contractility (myofibrillar contraction) ceases within 60 seconds. If ischemia persists, high-energy phosphates like ATP are rapidly depleted, leading to cellular dysfunction and eventually irreversible injury (necrosis).

Flashcard 334: IFN-Y is primarily produced by _____ cells and primarily activates Macrophages and NK cells, along with CD8 CTLs

Answer: TH1

Flashcard 335: What part of a myocardial cell is responsible for carrying action potentials into the cell interior? _____

Answer: T tubules

Extra: Other:

Flashcard 336: What are the blood concentration levels of amino acids and fatty acids in a diabetes mellitus patient? _____

Answer: Increased

Flashcard 337: Patients develop heat stroke due to heat production exceeding _____

Answer: heat dissipation

Flashcard 338: What effect does insulin have on insulin receptors in target tissues? _____

Answer: Causes down-regulation

Flashcard 339: Neurons of the _____ cortex are involved in integration of information processed in the primary somatosensory cortex

Answer: somatosensory association

Flashcard 340: What effect does decreased heart rate have on cardiac contractility? _____

Answer: Decreased contractility