Antifungals — Flashcards
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ketoconazole
Griseofulvin inhibits the action of fungal cell _____
For more severe Tinea infections or persistent Onychomycosis (manifestations of dermatophytes), oral _____ is used
Which antifungal agent inhibits fungal protein synthesis? _____
Which azole is used to treat invasive aspergillosis? _____
Which azole antifungal is especially prone to inhibition of human CYP450? _____
Flucytosine is primarily used for _____ meningitis
Which antifungal is metabolized to 5-fluorouracil in fungal cells? _____
How is Amphotericin B associated nephrotoxicity prevented? _____
Azoles are a class of antifungals that can cause _____-toxicity
Antifungals US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Antifungals with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Antifungals Flashcard Deck - 207 Cards
Flashcard 1: ketoconazole
Answer: antiandrogen
Extra: hirsutism of PCOS general inhibition of steroid synthesis gynecomastian, amenorrhea
Flashcard 2: Griseofulvin inhibits the action of fungal cell _____
Answer: microtubules
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 3: For more severe Tinea infections or persistent Onychomycosis (manifestations of dermatophytes), oral _____ is used
Answer: Griseofulvin
Extra: Watch Epidermophyton spp., Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp. (dermatophytes) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-cutaneous-mycoses-epidermophyton-spp-trichophyton-spp-microsporum-spp-dermatophytes?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/superficial-skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 4: Which antifungal agent inhibits fungal protein synthesis? _____
Answer: Flucytosine
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 5: Which azole is used to treat invasive aspergillosis? _____
Answer: Voriconazole
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 6: Which azole antifungal is especially prone to inhibition of human CYP450? _____
Answer: Voriconazole
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 7: Flucytosine is primarily used for _____ meningitis
Answer: cryptococcal
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 8: Which antifungal is metabolized to 5-fluorouracil in fungal cells? _____
Answer: Flucytosine
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: How is Amphotericin B associated nephrotoxicity prevented? _____
Answer: Hydration w/ IV saline
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 10: Azoles are a class of antifungals that can cause _____-toxicity
Answer: hepato
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 11: _____ is a drug that inhibits glucocorticoid biosynthesis via inhibition of the enzyme cholesterol desmolase
Answer: Ketoconazole
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Flashcard 12: What is the mainstay treatment for dermatophytes/Tinea infections? _____
Answer: Topical -azoles (clotrimazole)
Extra: Watch Epidermophyton spp., Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp. (dermatophytes) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-cutaneous-mycoses-epidermophyton-spp-trichophyton-spp-microsporum-spp-dermatophytes?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 13: Flucytosine has significant _____ toxicity
Answer: bone marrow
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 14: What is the treatment for local histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis infections? _____
Answer: Itraconazole
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 15: The oral antifungal drug _____ is used to treat onychomycosis (dermatophyte infection of nails)
Answer: Terbinafine
Extra: Watch Epidermophyton spp., Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp. (dermatophytes) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-cutaneous-mycoses-epidermophyton-spp-trichophyton-spp-microsporum-spp-dermatophytes?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/superficial-skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 16: Echinocandins are administered _____ for systemic candidiasis
Answer: IV
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 17: What class of antimicrobials are the following drugs? _____
Answer: Echinocandins
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 18: Systemic (disseminated) infections of Blastomycosis are treated with _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Extra: Watch Blastomyces dermatitidis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-systemic-mycoses-blastomyces-dermatitidis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 19: The risk of oropharyngeal candidiasis following inhaled corticosteroids is reduced by _____ after each treatment
Answer: gargling water and spitting
Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Respiratory (Asthma) Watch Asthma therapy [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-smooth-muscle/videos/medical-pharmacology-smooth-muscle-allergy-and-pulmonary-asthma-therapy?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/obstructive-lung-disease?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/general-physiology/smooth-muscle/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 20: What is the first-line treatment for thrush (oral candidiasis)? _____
Answer: Nystatin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 21: What is the treatment for Pneumocystis jirovecii? _____ or _____
Answer: TMP-SMX
Extra: Watch Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-other-antibiotics-trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: Which antifungal prevents candidiasis in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant? _____
Answer: Micafungin
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: Ketoconazole can be used a second line treatment for _____ cancer
Answer: advanced prostate
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 24: Systemic (disseminated) infections of Candida albicans are treated with _____ and Caspofungin
Answer: Amphotericin B
Extra: Watch Candida albicans [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-candida-albicans?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: Which oral azole is used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis? _____
Answer: Fluconazole
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: Which two classes of antifungals inhibit synthesis of ergosterol from squalene? _____
Answer: Allylamines; Azoles
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 27: What class of drugs results in an accumulation of squalene intracellularly? _____
Answer: Allylamines (e.g. terbinafine)
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: What class of antifungals inhibit cell wall synthesis? _____
Answer: Echinocandins
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: _____azole is used for Invasive Aspergillosis and Candida Esophagitis in AIDS patients
Answer: Voricon
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 30: Patients taking Griseofulvin should not consume _____ as they can develop Flushing and GI Upset
Answer: alcohol
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 31: What drug is used in the chronic maintenance therapy of Cryptococcal meningitis? _____
Answer: Fluconazole
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 32: Which two ions should be supplemented with Amphotericin B use? _____
Answer: K+ and Mg2+
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 33: Which enzyme converts Flucytosine to 5-fluorouracil? _____
Answer: Cytosine deaminase
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 34: Systemic (disseminated) infections of paracoccidioidomycosis are treated with _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Extra: Watch Paracoccidioides brasiliensis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-systemic-mycoses-paracoccidioides-brasiliensis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 35: _____ are a class of antifungals that bind ergosterol, creating pores in the fungal cell membranes
Answer: Polyenes (e.g. nystatin, amphotericin B)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 36: What class of drugs inhibit squalene epoxidase? _____
Answer: Allylamines (e.g. terbinafine)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 37: What class of antifungals can result in histamine-mediated hypersensitivity reactions? _____
Answer: Echinocandins
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 38: Local, mild infections of Aspergillus fumigatus are treated with _____ drugs (e.g. _____) or echinocandins (caspofungin)
Answer: -azole
Extra: Watch Aspergillus fumigatus [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-aspergillus-fumigatus?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 39: How is amphotericin B administered? _____
Answer: IV
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 40: Ketoconazole can be used to treat patients with _____ Syndrome
Answer: Cushing
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 41: Which antifungal has a cross-reactivity with penicillin hypersensitivity? _____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 42: Griseofulvin will _____ serum levels of warfarin
Answer: decrease
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 43: Which antifungal inhibits cortisol production? _____
Answer: Ketoconazole
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/adrenals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 44: Use of Griseofulvin is contraindicated in _____ and/or _____ women
Answer: pregnant
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 45: Flucytosine is activated intracellularly to _____ by cytosine deaminase
Answer: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 46: _____ deposits in keratin-containing tissues, such as skin and nails, and is therefore used for severe dermatophyte infections
Answer: Griseofulvin
Extra: Watch Epidermophyton spp., Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp. (dermatophytes) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-cutaneous-mycoses-epidermophyton-spp-trichophyton-spp-microsporum-spp-dermatophytes?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/superficial-skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 47: Which step ([A] - [F]) of Fungal homeostasis does Terbinafine impact? _____
Answer: [E]
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 48: Which antifungal is contraindicated in patients with porphyrias? _____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 49: Echinocandins are primarily indicated for _____ infections of Aspergillosis and Candida
Answer: invasive
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 50: Nystatin is active against _____ spp.
Answer: Candida
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 51: _____azole is used for systemic infections with dimorphic fungi
Answer: Itracon
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 52: Azoles inhibit the conversion of _____ to _____
Answer: lanosterol
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 53: Griseofulvin is a(n) _____ of CYP-450
Answer: inducer
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/seizures/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 54: Azoles can cause anti-androgenic side effects, most commonly resulting in _____
Answer: gynecomastia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 55: Terbinafine is associated with side effects of GI upset, headaches, hepatotoxicity, and _____ disturbance
Answer: taste
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 56: Which antifungal is fungistatic? _____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 57: Azoles work by inhibiting _____ enzymes in the Fungi
Answer: cytochrome P450
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 58: Which step ([A] - [F]) of Fungal homeostasis do Polyenes impact? _____
Answer: [B]
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 59: Local, mild infections of Blastomycosis are treated with _____ drugs, e.g. _____
Answer: -azole
Extra: Watch Blastomyces dermatitidis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-systemic-mycoses-blastomyces-dermatitidis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 60: To decrease toxicity of amphotericin B, use a(n) _____ formulation and give with IV normal saline
Answer: liposomal
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 61: Azoles can cause _____ distress
Answer: GI
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 62: What class of antifungals result in the formation of membrane pores? _____
Answer: Polyenes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 63: At the infusion site of the IV, Amphotericin B can cause a(n) _____
Answer: thrombophlebitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 64: Azoles _____ cytochrome p450
Answer: inhibit
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/seizures/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 65: Acute toxicities of amphotericin B administration include fever, chills, headache and _____-tension
Answer: hypo
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 66: Local, mild infections of Coccidioidomycosis are treated with _____ drugs, i.e. _____
Answer: -azole
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 67: Terbinafine is mainly used to treat _____
Answer: dermatophytoses
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/superficial-skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 68: Echinocandins cause flushing and GI upset by stimulating _____ release
Answer: Histamine
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 69: What is the treatment of choice for Malassezia furfur (M. furfur)? _____
Answer: Selenium sulfide (selsun blue)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 70: Which antifungal inhibits fungal DNA and RNA/protein synthesis? _____
Answer: Flucytosine
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 71: The antifungal class allylamines can be recognized via the suffix _____
Answer: -fine (e.g. terbinafine)
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 72: What class of antifungals prolong the QT interval? _____
Answer: Azoles
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 73: Which antifungal works by disrupting mitotic spindles? _____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/general-physiology/cytoskeleton/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 74: Griseofulvin inhibits the function of _____, resulting in metaphase arrest of cellular division
Answer: microtubules
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 75: Oral and Esophageal candidiasis can be treated with _____
Answer: Nystatin
Extra: Watch Candida albicans [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-candida-albicans?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 76: Griseofulvin _____ cytochrome p450
Answer: activates
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/seizures/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 77: Systemic (disseminated) infections of coccidioidomycosis are treated with _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
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Flashcard 78: What are the two topical azoles? _____
Answer: Clotrimazole; Miconazole
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 79: Which oral azole is used in the treatment of mucocutaneous candidiasis? _____
Answer: Fluconazole
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 80: Ketoconazole has anti-androgenic effects and thus can cause _____ in males
Answer: gynecomastia
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/adrenals/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 81: What is the treatment of local, cutaneous tinea infections (azoles)? _____
Answer: Clotrimazole; Miconazole
Extra: Watch Azoles [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-azoles?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 82: Which two drugs bind ergosterol and form holes in the fungal cell membrane? _____
Answer: Amphotericin B; Nystatin (polyenes)
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 83: Electrolyte abnormalities, such as _____ and _____, can result from amphotericin B use
Answer: hypokalemia
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 84: What is the treatment of disseminated fungal infections? _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 85: _____azole and _____azole are commonly used for topical fungal infections such as Tinea
Answer: Clotrim
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 86: Local, mild infections of Paracoccidioidomycosis are treated with _____ drugs, e.g. _____
Answer: -azole
Extra: Watch Paracoccidioides brasiliensis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-systemic-mycoses-paracoccidioides-brasiliensis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 87: When Amphotericin B is used for Meningitis it is given _____
Answer: intrathecally
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Flashcard 88: Which antifungal can result in arrhythmia due to hypokalemia? _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 89: What class of antifungals inhibit a cytochrome p450 enzyme (14α-demethylase)? _____
Answer: Azoles
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 90: Angioinvasive aspergillosis is treated with _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Extra: Watch Aspergillus fumigatus [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-aspergillus-fumigatus?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 91: Azoles can cause side effects of dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and _____toxicity
Answer: hepato
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 92: Amphotericin B related renal toxicity results in _____ due to decreased erythropoietin production
Answer: anemia
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 93: Polyenes disrupt cell membrane stability by binding _____
Answer:
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 94: Tinea capitis in children is treated with _____ or _____
Answer: oral griseofulvin
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/superficial-skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 95: Can Nystatin be given for systemic fungal infections? _____
Answer: No
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 96: Which antifungal can cause a disulfiram-like reaction? _____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 97: What is the treatment of choice for Naegleria fowleri? _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
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Flashcard 98: Echinocandins are primarily metabolized via the _____
Answer: liver
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 99: Griseofulvin is a cytochrome p450 _____
Answer: inducer
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/seizures/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 100: Specific indications for caspofungin include RACE: R_____ Azole-resistant Candida Candidemia Empiric treatment in a(n) febrile, neutropenic patient
Answer: efractory aspergillosis
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 101: Which step ([A] - [F]) of Fungal homeostasis does Flucytosine impact? _____
Answer: [C]
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 102: Echinocandins are antifungal agents that act at the cell _____
Answer: wall
Extra: Watch Griseofulvin, Terbinafine, Echinocandins [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-griseofulvin-terbinafine-echinocandins?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 103: Amphotericin B causes a dose-dependent / slow-accumulated Type _____ Renal Tubular Acidosis
Answer: 1
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 104: Amphotericin B use is associated with _____ toxicity
Answer: renal
Extra: Watch Amphotericin, flucytosine [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-antifungals-amphotericin-flucytosine?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 105: What is the standard treatment of Cryptococcal meningitis? _____
Answer: Amphotericin B and Flucytosine
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 106: Malassezia furfur = _____ or selenium sulfide (selsun blue)
Answer: azoles (topical)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/hypopigmentation/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 107: Is primary prophylaxis against cryptococcus recommended for patients with HIV? _____
Answer: No
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 108: Oral antifungals are generally required for: _____ Onychomycosis
Answer: Tinea capitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 109: Drug of choice for candidal infections of all types? _____
Answer: Fluconazole
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Flashcard 110: _____azole and _____azole are commonly used for topical fungal infections such as Tinea
Answer: Clotrim
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 111: Which azole is used to treat localized Tinea infections (except tinea capitis)? _____
Answer: Topical -azoles (clotrimazole and miconazole)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/superficial-skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 112: Candida Galbrata is treated with intravaginal _____
Answer: boric acid
Extra:
Flashcard 113: Amphotericin B and Flucytosine combination is used for the treatment of _____
Answer: cryptococcal meningitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/brain-inflammation/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 114: Echinocandins are antifungal agents that act at the cell _____
Answer: wall
Flashcard 115: Griseofulvin is associated with _____ side-effects
Answer: GI
Flashcard 116: Systemic (disseminated) infections of Histoplasmosis are treated with _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 117: Which class of drugs inhibit squalene epoxidase?_____
Answer: Allylamines (ie: terbinafine)
Flashcard 118: Which oral azole is used in the treatment of mucocutaneous candidiasis?_____
Answer: Fluconazole
Flashcard 119: Which antifungal is used in severe, systemic fungal infections?_____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 120: Systemic (disseminated) infections of Blastomycosis are treated with _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 121: Systemic (disseminated) infections of paracoccidioidomycosis are treated with _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 122: What is the treatment of disseminated fungal infections?_____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 123: The antifungal class echinocandins can be recognized via the suffix _____
Answer: -fungin (ie: caspofungin)
Flashcard 124: Which class of antifungals inhibit cell wall synthesis?_____
Answer: Echincandins
Flashcard 125: Which antifungal inhibits fungal DNA and RNA synthesis?_____
Answer: Flucytosine
Flashcard 126: Which antifungal is used to treat local infections of dimorphic fungi?_____
Answer: Itraconazole
Flashcard 127: What is the pharmacological treatment of Mucormycosis?_____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 128: To prevent the development of oral thrush after using inhaled corticosteroids, what two interventions can be used?_____
Answer: Spacer, Rinsing Mouth
Flashcard 129: How is amphotericin administered for fungal CNS infections?_____
Answer: Intrathecally
Flashcard 130: Griseofulvin _____ cytochrome p450
Answer: activates
Flashcard 131: Toxicity of _____ (drug) results from non-selective binding on mammalian cholesterol membranes
Answer: amphotericin
Flashcard 132: Terbinafine is used to treat superficial _____ infections
Answer: dermatophyte
Flashcard 133: Which class of antifungals can result in histamine-mediated hypersensitivity reactions?_____
Answer: Echinocandins
Flashcard 134: Which of the allylamines is associated with GI upset?_____
Answer: Terbinafine
Flashcard 135: Which antifungal prevents candidiasis in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant?_____
Answer: Micafungin
Flashcard 136: Which renal tubular acidosis may be caused by amphoterecin B toxicity?_____
Answer: Distal RTA (type 1)
Flashcard 137: Is sirolimus (rapamycin) nephrotoxic?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 138: Should azoles (ie: ketoconazole) be avoided during pregnancy?_____
Answer: Yes
Flashcard 139: For more severe Tinea infections or persistent Onychomycosis (manifestations of dermatophytes), oral _____ is used
Answer: Griseofulvin
Flashcard 140: Which class of antifungals treat invasive aspergillosis that is refractory to voriconazole?_____
Answer: Echinocandins and Amphotericin B
Flashcard 141: Polyenes result in leakage of _____ from the cell
Answer: electrolytes
Flashcard 142: Which polyene can treat oral and vaginal candidiasis?_____
Answer: Nystatin
Flashcard 143: What is the first-line treatment for thrush (oral candidiasis)?_____
Answer: Nystatin
Flashcard 144: -azoles (antifungals) are _____ of CYP-450
Answer: inhibitors
Flashcard 145: Echinocandins are administered _____ for systemic candidiasis
Answer: IV
Flashcard 146: Which antifungal can result in arrhythmia due to hypokalemia?_____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 147: Which class of antifungals inhibit a cytochrome p450 enzyme (14-demethylase)?_____
Answer: Azoles
Flashcard 148: Which class of antifungals prolong the QT interval?_____
Answer: Azoles
Flashcard 149: What is the standard treatment of Cryptococcal meningitis?_____
Answer: Amphotericin and Flucytosine
Flashcard 150: Which class of antifungals inhibit synthesis of -glucan?_____
Answer: Echinocandins
Flashcard 151: Azoles are a class of antifungals that can cause _____-toxicity
Answer: hepato
Flashcard 152: Azoles _____ cytochrome p450
Answer: inhibit
Flashcard 153: Which azole antifungal is especially prone to inhibition of human CYP450?_____
Answer: Voriconazole
Flashcard 154: Local, mild infections of Candida albicans (for example, candidal diaper rash) are treated with topical _____ drugs
Answer: -azole (what suffix)
Flashcard 155: Which class of drugs results in an accumulation of squalene intracellularly?_____
Answer: Allylamines (ie: terbinafine)
Flashcard 156: Which fungi-cidal agent is used to treat onychomycosis?_____
Answer: Oral Terbinafine
Flashcard 157: The risk of oropharyngeal candidiasis following inhaled corticosteroids is reduced by _____ after each treatment
Answer: gargling water and spitting
Flashcard 158: Which antifungal can result in thrombophlebitis?_____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 159: Which antifungal has a cross-reactivity with penicillin hypersensitivity?_____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Flashcard 160: Which antifungal can result in bone marrow suppression?_____
Answer: Flucytosine
Flashcard 161: How is amphotericin administered?_____
Answer: IV
Flashcard 162: Echinocandins are primarily metabolized via the _____
Answer: liver
Flashcard 163: _____ amphotericin decreases its toxicity
Answer: Liposomal
Flashcard 164: The antifungal class allylamines can be recognized via the suffix _____
Answer: -fine (ie: terbinafine)
Flashcard 165: _____ can be used in prophylaxis and treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with sulfa drug allergies
Answer: Pentamidine
Flashcard 166: Intrathecal administration of amphotericin can result in _____ and other CNS side effects
Answer: seizures
Flashcard 167: Azoles can cause _____ distress
Answer: GI
Flashcard 168: Which enzyme converts Flucytosine to 5-fluorouracil?_____
Answer: Cytosine deaminase
Flashcard 169: Which two ions should be supplemented with Amphotericin use?_____
Answer: K+ and Mg2+
Flashcard 170: Which antifungal agent inhibits fungal protein synthesis?_____
Answer: Flucytosine
Flashcard 171: Which antifungal works by disrupting mitotic spindles?_____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Flashcard 172: How is Amphotericin B associated nephrotoxicity prevented?_____
Answer: hydration w/ IV saline
Flashcard 173: Which antifungal is fungistatic?_____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Flashcard 174: What is the treatment of choice for Malassezia furfur (M. furfur)?_____
Answer: Selenium sulfide (selsun blue)
Flashcard 175: Which drug is used in the chronic maintenence therapy of Cryptococcal meningitis?_____
Answer: Fluconazole
Flashcard 176: Griseofulvin deposits in _____-containing tissues
Answer: keratin
Flashcard 177: Which antifungal is metabolized to 5-fluorouracil in fungal cells?_____
Answer: Flucytosine
Flashcard 178: Griseofulvin is used to treat superficial _____ infections
Answer: dermatophyte
Flashcard 179: Which antifungal inhibits androgen and estrogen synthesis?_____
Answer: Ketoconazole
Flashcard 180: Griseofulvin is used to treat dermatophyte-related _____
Answer: onychomycosis (nail fungus)
Flashcard 181: Which oral azole is used in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis?_____
Answer: Fluconazole
Flashcard 182: Which type of acid/base pathology results from amphotericin use?_____
Answer: Type 1 RTA
Flashcard 183: Amphotericin use is associated with _____ toxicity (organ)
Answer: renal
Flashcard 184: What is the treatment for local histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, and coccidioidomycosis infections?_____
Answer: Itraconazole
Flashcard 185: Griseofulvin is an _____ of CYP-450
Answer: inducer
Flashcard 186: Which class of antifungals result in the formation of membrane pores?_____
Answer: Polyenes
Flashcard 187: Which antifungal agent can result in hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia?_____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 188: Systemic (disseminated) infections of coccidioidomycosis are treated with _____
Answer: Amphotericin B
Flashcard 189: Which antifungal is used to treat prostate cancer?_____
Answer: ketoconazole
Flashcard 190: Which fungistatic agent is used to treat onychomycosis?_____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Flashcard 191: Angioinvasive aspergillosis is treated with _____
Answer: Amphoterecin B
Flashcard 192: Which drug class does Caspofungin belong to?_____
Answer: Echinocandins
Flashcard 193: Nystatin is active against _____ spp.
Answer: Candida
Flashcard 194: Which antifungal can cause a disulfiram-like reaction?_____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Flashcard 195: Which antifungal is used in the treatment of Cushing syndrome?_____
Answer: Ketoconazole
Flashcard 196: Which antifungal inhibits cortisol production?_____
Answer: Ketoconazole
Flashcard 197: What is the solution of choice for treatment of Sporotrichosis/Sporothrix schenckii infection?_____
Answer: SSKI (saturated solution of potassium iodide)
Flashcard 198: Acute toxicities of amphotericin administration include fever, chills, headache and _____-tension
Answer: hypo
Flashcard 199: Which antifungal can result in anemia due to decreased EPO production?_____
Answer: Amphotericin
Flashcard 200: Ketoconazole has anti-androgenic effects and thus can cause _____ in males
Answer: gynecomastia
Flashcard 201: Which azole is used to treat invasive aspergillosis?_____
Answer: Voriconazole
Flashcard 202: SGLT2 inhibitors may cause increased risk of vaginal _____
Answer: candidiasis (yeast infection)
Flashcard 203: What is the mainstay treatment for dermatophytes/Tinea infections?_____
Answer: Topical -azoles (clotrimazole)
Flashcard 204: Griseofulvin will _____ serum levels of warfarin (increase or decrease)
Answer: decrease
Flashcard 205: Which antifungal is contraindicated in patients with porphyrias?_____
Answer: Griseofulvin
Flashcard 206: Oral terbinafine is used to treat dermatophyte-related _____
Answer: onychomycosis (nail fungus)
Flashcard 207: What is the drug of choice for treatment of Sporotrichosis/Sporothrix schenckii infection? _______
Answer: Itraconazole
Keywords: Antifungals flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
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Polyenes (amphotericin formulations)
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Azoles (imidazoles and triazoles)
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Echinocandins
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Flucytosine
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Griseofulvin
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Terbinafine
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Topical antifungal agents
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Antifungal prophylaxis protocols
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Antifungal spectrum of activity
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Antifungal resistance mechanisms
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Antifungal therapeutic drug monitoring
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Drug interactions with antifungals
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Treatment guidelines for invasive fungal infections
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