Antineoplastic combination regimens — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: 6-mercaptopurine is used to treat _____ malignancies

Answer: hematologic (ie: ALL)

Flashcard 2: Which chemotherapeutic drug is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy?_____

Answer: Doxorubicin

Flashcard 3: Which alkylating agent is used to treat both hematologic malignancies (leukemia, lymphoma) and solid tumors?_____

Answer: Cyclophosphamide

Flashcard 4: Neutropenia may result from drug toxicity, especially _____

Answer: chemotherapy

Flashcard 5: Which antitumor monoclonal antibody targets HER2 (c-erbB2)?_____

Answer: trastuzumab (herceptin)

Flashcard 6: Doxorubicin has a _____ range of chemotherapeutic uses and is commonly used in clinical practice

Answer: broad

Flashcard 7: Mechanism and indication of Anastrozole?

Answer: Aromatase inhibitor used in postmenopausal breast cancer

Extra: Mechanism: Competitively inhibits aromatase, decreasing estrogen synthesis. Indication: ER-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Examples of other aromatase inhibitors: Letrozole, Exemestane.

Flashcard 8: Mechanism of action of Exemestane:

Answer: Irreversible (Steroidal) Aromatase Inhibitor

Extra: Mechanism: Irreversible inhibition of the enzyme aromatase. Indication: Breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Note: Exemestane is a steroidal inhibitor, unlike Anastrozole and Letrozole which are non-steroidal (reversible).

Flashcard 9: alkylating agents

Answer: absence of digits (and multiple varied anomalies)

Flashcard 10: Teratogenic effect of folate antagonists?

Answer: Neural tube defects (NTDs)

Extra: Folate antagonists (e.g., Methotrexate, Aminopterin) interfere with DNA synthesis and are potent teratogens. Maternal use, especially during the first trimester (organogenesis), is strongly associated with neural tube defects. Low folate levels in general are a risk factor, which is why folic acid supplementation is recommended preconceptionally.