Labor Complications — Flashcards
On this page
leiomyoma (fibroid)
endometritis
placenta previa
abruptio placentae
mittelschmerz
true hermaphroditism
epispadias
hypospadias
Identify 4
vagina
Labor Complications US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Labor Complications with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Labor Complications Flashcard Deck - 362 Cards
Flashcard 1: leiomyoma (fibroid)
Answer:
Extra: asymptomatic, abnormal uterine bleeding, miscarriage well-demarcated edges, whorled smooth muscle bundles good, does NOT progress to leiomyosarcoma 20-40 years, black race
Flashcard 2: endometritis
Answer: retained tissue/foreign body in uterus
Extra: infection and inflammation of endometrium gentamycin + clindamycin +/- ampicillin
Flashcard 3: placenta previa
Answer: placenta attaches near or over internal cervical os
Extra: painless vaginal bleeding during any trimester multiparity, prior C-section
Flashcard 4: abruptio placentae
Answer:
Extra: painful bleeding in 3rd trimester life-threatening for fetus and mother smoking, HTN, cocaine DIC
Flashcard 5: mittelschmerz
Answer: blood from ruptured follicle causes peritoneal irritation
Extra: acute onset abdominal pain mimicing appendicitis
Flashcard 6: true hermaphroditism
Answer:
Extra: both ovarian and testicular tssue present, ambiguous genitalia
Flashcard 7: epispadias
Answer: faulty positioning of genital tubercle
Extra: abnormal opening on dorsal aspect of penis exstrophy of the bladder
Flashcard 8: hypospadias
Answer: failure of closure of urethral folds
Extra: abnormal opening on ventral side of penis UTIs
Flashcard 9: Identify 4
Answer: uterus
Flashcard 10: vagina
Answer: mesoderm
Flashcard 11: When is an APGAR score calculated?
Answer: 1 and 5 minutes post-delivery
Flashcard 12: Abnormal uterine bleeding is characterized as either _____ bleeding (AUB/_____) or intermenstrual bleeding (AUB/IMB)
Answer: heavy menstrual
Extra: * these are further subcategorized by PALM-COEIN: Watch Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB) & Endometriosis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-uterine-and-vulvovaginal-disorders-abnormal-uterine-bleeding-aub-and-endometriosis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/abnormal-uterine-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 13: Acute endometritis is associated with retained products of _____ or foreign bodies
Answer: conception
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 14: Inflammation of the endometrium due to retained products of conception, miscarriage, abortion, or foreign body (IUD) is known as _____
Answer: endometritis
Extra: Watch Clindamycin [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-inhibitors-of-bacterial-protein-synthesis-clindamycin?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 15: _____ is due to a bacterial infection of the endometrium
Answer: Acute endometritis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 16: Urethral hypermobility can lead to _____ incontinence
Answer: stress
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 17: Anovulatory cycle results in an estrogen-driven proliferative phase, but no _____-driven _____ phase
Answer: progesterone
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology?ref=anki
Flashcard 18: One risk factor for uterine rupture is a prior _____
Answer: c-section
Extra: * Spontaneous or surgical lacerations Watch Gestational Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-gestational-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 19: Asherman syndrome is often the result of overaggressive _____
Answer: dilation and curettage (D&C)
Extra: Watch Amenorrhea [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-amenorrhea?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki AKA intrauterine synechiae: scrape away basalis during uterine surgery (e.g. after abortion) synechiae is a term which means "adhesions"
Flashcard 20: _____ is a hormone that may be used to induce labor and reduce postpartum bleeding
Answer: Oxytocin
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/reproduction/videos/pathology-of-pregnancy?index=9] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology?ref=anki
Flashcard 21: What is the most common cause of tubal-factor infertility? _____
Answer: Pelvic inflammatory disease
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: Common causes of chronic endometritis include retained products of conception, chronic _____ (e.g. from long-standing chlamydia), IUD, and TB
Answer: pelvic inflammatory disease
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: Which pituitary hormone is useful for stimulating labor via the induction of uterine contractions? _____
Answer: Oxytocin
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/embryology/videos/abdominopelvic-systems-digestive-urinary-and-reproductive?index=6] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology?ref=anki
Flashcard 24: What might be the underlying cause of severe pelvic pain in a premenopausal female with a mature cystic teratoma? _____
Answer: Ovarian torsion
Extra: Watch Ovarian Neoplasms (Germ Cell & Sex Chord Stromal Tumors) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-neoplasms-germ-cell-and-sex-cord-stromal-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch Ovarian Neoplasms (Germ Cell & Sex Chord Stromal Tumors) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-neoplasms-germ-cell-and-sex-cord-stromal-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: What pathology can result in individuals with recent abortion that develop fever and foul-smelling vaginal discharge? _____
Answer: Septic abortion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: Choriocarcinoma that arises from _____ has a(n) very good response to chemotherapy
Answer: gestation
Extra: Watch Hydatidiform Mole & Choriocarcinoma [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-hydatidiform-mole-and-choriocarcinoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 27: _____ tumors are the second most common class of ovarian tumor (15%)
Answer: Germ cell
Extra: * Includes cystic teratomas, dysgerminomas, and yolk sac tumors Watch Ovarian Neoplasms (Germ Cell & Sex Chord Stromal Tumors) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-neoplasms-germ-cell-and-sex-cord-stromal-tumors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/ovarian-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: Injury to the levator ani muscles results in urethral hypermobility and can result in prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall and the _____
Answer: bladder
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/perineum-and-external-genitalia?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: During pregnancy, the size of the pituitary gland _____, but blood supply does not increase significantly
Answer: doubles
Extra: Watch Hypothalamic & Pituitary Dysfunction Etiologies [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine-hypothalamic-and-pituitary-disorders-hypothalamic-and-pituitary-dysfunction-etiologies?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/secondary-amenorrhea/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 30: Septic abortion is commonly caused by _____, E. coli (gram negatives), and S. agalactiae
Answer: S. aureus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 31: What is the treatment for infectious endometritis? _____
Answer: Gentamicin + clindamycin with or without ampicillin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 32: If a previously pregnant patient in the few hours / days after their delivery: - develops a sudden onset of back pain / radicular pain - progresses to complete or partial paralysis of the lower extremities What is this highly suggestive of? _____
Answer: Spinal epidural hematoma
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 33: Before a patient gets a C-section, what combination of drugs should be given prophylactically? _____
Answer: Gentamicin + Clindamycin
Extra: Watch Clindamycin [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials/videos/medical-pharmacology-antimicrobials-inhibitors-of-bacterial-protein-synthesis-clindamycin?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 34: Follicular cysts may cause _____ and _____, presenting with severe abdominal pain
Answer: sterile peritonitis (due to rupture)
Extra: Watch Ovarian Cysts & Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-cysts-and-epithelial-ovarian-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch Ovarian Cysts & Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-reproductive-hormones-and-ovarian-disorders-ovarian-cysts-and-epithelial-ovarian-cancer?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 35: Treatment of septic abortion includes broad spectrum antibiotics and _____
Answer: prompt surgical evacuation
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/reproduction/videos/pathologies-of-pregnancy?index=3] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 36: Ectopic pregnancy is often clinically mistaken for _____
Answer: appendicitis
Extra: Watch Gestational Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-gestational-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/reproduction/videos/pathology-of-pregnancy?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 37: Which bacteria often causes acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)? _____
Answer: Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 38: Placental abruption may cause fetal distress and thus a(n) _____
Answer: still birth
Extra: Watch Gestational Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-gestational-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/reproduction/videos/pathology-of-pregnancy?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 39: Septic abortion results from retained _____
Answer: products of conception
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 40: Placenta _____ is the abnormal penetration of the placenta into the myometrium
Answer: increta
Extra: * causes PPH Watch Gestational Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-gestational-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/reproduction/videos/pathology-of-pregnancy?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 41: In a patient with stress incontinence, laughing, coughing, and other exertions precipitate leakage due to increases in _____
Answer: intra-abdominal pressure
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/urinary-incontinence/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 42: Placental abruption may be diagnosed using the _____ test, which looks for fetal RBC in the maternal blood
Answer: Kleihauer-Betke
Extra: * A maternal blood smear is exposed to acid, and stained afterwards; Adult hemoglobin is removed by the acid, whereas fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is not, resulting in pink color cells that indicate fetal hemoglobin on a positive test Watch Gestational Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-gestational-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/reproduction/videos/pathology-of-pregnancy?index=8] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 43: _____ incontinence is associated with a positive bladder stress test
Answer: Stress
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/urinary-incontinence?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/urinary-incontinence/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 44: A full-thickness disruption of the uterine wall that typically presents with intense, acute abdominal pain, profuse vaginal bleeding, and fetal distress is most likely what condition? _____
Answer: Uterine rupture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/abnormal-uterine-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 45: Choriocarcinomas may present with _____ due to lung metastasis
Answer: hemoptysis
Extra: Watch Hydatidiform Mole & Choriocarcinoma [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-hydatidiform-mole-and-choriocarcinoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch Gestational Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-gestational-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 46: Vaginal delivery, prostate surgery / hysterectomy, post-menopausal state, obesity increase risk for _____ incontinence
Answer: stress
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/urinary-incontinence?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/urinary-incontinence/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 47: Misoprostol promotes _____ contraction and therefore may be used for induction of _____
Answer: uterine
Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: GI Watch Prostaglandins, prostacyclin, bosentan, PDE5 inhibitors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-smooth-muscle/videos/medical-pharmacology-smooth-muscle-vasoactive-prostaglandins-prostacyclin-bosentan-pde5-inhibitors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/general-physiology/smooth-muscle/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 48: Uterine _____ can be palpated as an opening in the uterine wall
Answer: rupture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 49: Patients with pelvic inflammatory disease or a ruptured ectopic pregnancy may have _____ performed to extract and ascertain the fluid contents
Answer: culdocentesis
Extra: Culdocentesis is using a needle to extract fluid from the pouch of douglas (posterior cul-de-sac) by inserting a needle through the posterior fornix of the vagina Watch Gestational Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-gu/videos/medical-pathophysiology-reproductive-and-gu-gestational-disorders-gestational-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gross-anatomy/videos/posterior-abdominal-wall-inguinal-region-scrotum-testis-and-spermatic-cord?index=9] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 50: What is the treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease? _____
Answer: Ceftriaxone + azithromycin/doxycycline
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 51: Fever and elevated CRP and CA-125 in a patient with an adnexal mass is suggestive of _____
Answer: tubo-ovarian abscess
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/ovarian-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 52: Amnioinfusion is not contraindicated in a patient with a history of uterine surgery _____
Answer: F
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 53: What is the mode of delivery of a patient who's pregnant with twins, twin A is in vertex position and twin B is non vertex? _____
Answer: Trial of vaginal delivery or C section
Extra:
Flashcard 54: The major risk factor for shoulder dystocia is fetal _____
Answer: macrosomia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/medical-disease/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 55: Recurrent _____ decelerations are fetal heart rate category III patterns
Answer: late & variable
Extra:
Flashcard 56: Performing an amniotomy prior to head engagement can cause _____
Answer: cord prolapse
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 57: Vesicovaginal fistula can be confirmed using a(n) _____
Answer: bladder dye test
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 58: Examination findings consistent with uterine rupture include the presence of _____ and/or the loss of _____
Answer: abdominally palpable fetal parts
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 59: Placental abruption can cause a variable amount of vaginal bleeding _____
Answer: T
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 60: _____
Answer:
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/normal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 61: What is the likely diagnosis in a premenopausal woman with heavy menstrual bleeding, dysmenorrhea, and an irregularly enlarged uterus? _____
Answer: Leiomyomata uteri (fibroids)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 62: The onset to nadir in a variable deceleration must be _____ seconds
Answer: <30
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 63: What is the recommended treatment for septic pelvic thrombophlebitis? _____
Answer: Anticoagulation and broad-spectrum antibiotics
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 64: Risk factors for birth trauma include _____ deliveries
Answer: difficult
Extra:
Flashcard 65: What are the "3 P's" for the causes of abnormal labor? _____
Answer: Power (uterine contractions) Passenger (fetus) Passage (pelvis)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 66: Anovulatory cycles leads to irregular or heavy bleeding -- why? _____
Answer: ↑ Estrogen proliferation of endometrium until exceed blood supply
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 67: What FHR alteration is likely associated with oligohydramnios? _____
Answer: Variable decelerations
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 68: What is the next step in management for a pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestation with confirmed intrauterine fetal demise? The fetus is in the breech position on ultrasound. _____
Answer: Induced vaginal delivery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 69: _____ incontinence is due to outlet incompetence (e.g. urethral hypermobility or intrinsic sphincteric deficiency)
Answer: Stress
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 70: Oxytocin augmentation worsens uteroplacental blood flow _____
Answer: T
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 71: Below is a fetal heart tracing of _____
Answer: late decelerations
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 72: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient that presents with sudden-onset unilateral pelvic pain with free fluid in the pelvis on ultrasound after strenuous exercise (sex)? Pregnancy test is negative. _____
Answer: Ruptured ovarian cyst
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 73: When is operative vaginal delivery (e.g. vacuum, forceps) indicated during the second-stage of labor? 1. _____ 2. _____ 3. Maternal exhaustion, fetal distress, HOCM (cannot valsalva)
Answer: Protracted 2nd stage of labor
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki It is also indicated for maternal comorbidities that make pushing ineffective (e.g. neuromuscular disorders) or for which Valsalva is contraindicated (e.g. cerebrovascular disease, cardiac disease)
Flashcard 74: Which episiotomy can cause a fourth degree laceration and thus turn into a recto-vaginal fistula? _____
Answer: Medial
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/ob-operations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 75: What is the diagnosis in a pregnant female with painful third-trimester bleeding, tender abdomen, an irregular mass, and prior cocaine use and c-section? _____
Answer: Uterine rupture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 76: Abrupt fetal bradycardia / decelerations after rupture of membranes = _____
Answer: umbilical cord prolapse
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 77: What is the likely diagnosis in an adolescent girl that presents with amenorrhea and cyclic lower abdominal pain with a bulging vaginal mass on physical exam? _____
Answer: Imperforate hymen
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/primary-amenorrhea/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 78: When is operative vaginal delivery (e.g. vacuum, forceps) indicated during the second-stage of labor? _____
Answer: Protracted 2nd stage of labor 2nd-stage fetal heart rate abnormalities
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/ob-operations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 79: Endometrial polyps are _____ removed
Answer: surgically
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 80: What is the typical age demographic for which adenomyosis presents? _____
Answer: Multiparous women age >40
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 81: One cause of second stage of labor arrest is fetal malposition, most commonly _____ positioning
Answer: occipitoposterior
Extra:
Flashcard 82: What should be done if pt is not progressing in labor but contracting? _____
Answer: Intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC) to monitor strength of contractions
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 83: Label each type of deceleration _____
Answer:
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 84: Prolapse of urethra into vagina causing incontinence is suggestive of _____
Answer: urethrocele
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 85: Delivery method of nonviable fetuses? _____
Answer: Vaginal delivery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 86: Placental abruption = pain_____
Answer: ful
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 87: What is the likely diagnosis in a woman that presents with "labor pains" despite recently having her period? Pelvic examination reveals an irregularly enlarged uterus and a dilated cervix with a firm mass visible through the external os. _____
Answer: Prolapsing uterine fibroid
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 88: Vaginal delivery, prostate surgery, and obesity increase risk for _____ incontinence
Answer: stress
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 89: Chorioamnionitis is an indication for C-section _____
Answer: F
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 90: What are the four complications of PPROM? _____
Answer: Preterm labor Intraamniotic infection Placental abruption Umbilical cord prolapse
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 91: Uterine fibroids in lower uterine segment during pregnancy --> _____
Answer: C-section
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 92: What is the next step in management for a patient at 33 weeks gestation that presents with contractions and a positive fetal fibronectin test? _____
Answer: Administer corticosteroids
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 93: How is progression of the second stage of labor evaluated? _____
Answer: Fetal station Cervix/effacement is at maximum already
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/normal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 94: In a patient with abruptio placentae at >34 weeks gestation and no fetal distress, management is _____
Answer: vaginal delivery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 95: What is the first-line treatment for primary dysmenorrhea? _____
Answer: NSAIDs and/or OCPs
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 96: Large amount of intraabdominal fluid after gyn surgery and watery vaginal discharge = _____
Answer: unilateral ureteral laceration
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Flashcard 97: Treatment of prolonged vs. arrested active phase of labor? _____
Answer: Oxytocin vs. C-section
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 98: What should be suspected in long term fetal tachycardia (over 160)? _____
Answer: Maternal fever or chorioamnionitis
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Flashcard 99: What kind of deceleration is this? _____
Answer: Variable
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 100: _____ is associated with turtle sign, which refers to retraction of fetal head into perineum after delivery
Answer: Shoulder dystocia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 101: Painless bleeding after rupture of membranes with fetal bradycardia is suggestive of _____
Answer: vasa previa
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 102: Digital cervical exam shows a taut, bulging bag without palpable fetal presenting parts is managed with _____
Answer: transabdominal u/s
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Flashcard 103: Below is a fetal heart tracing of _____
Answer: intermittent variable decelerations
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 104: The onset to nadir in an early or late deceleration must be _____ seconds
Answer: >30
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 105: MCC of preterm labor is _____
Answer: idiopathic
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Flashcard 106: What FHR tracing is likely associated with chorioamnionitis? _____
Answer: Fetal tachycardia
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Flashcard 107: _____ involves the instillation of fluid into the uterine cavity to treat variable decelerations
Answer: Amnioinfusion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/ob-operations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 108: What type(s) of fibroids are most associated with heavy menstrual bleeding and/or recurrent pregnancy loss? _____
Answer: Submucosal and intracavitary fibroids (leiomyomata)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 109: What are the three drugs that consist of outpatient therapy for PID? _____
Answer: Ceftriaxone (or other ceph.) Doxycycline Metronidazole
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 110: Pelvic radiotherapy can cause overflow incontinence _____
Answer: F
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 111: What is the likely diagnosis in a pregnant woman at 35 weeks gestation that presents with abdominal pain, painful vaginal bleeding and a firm, tender uterus? _____
Answer: Abruptio placentae (placental abruption)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 112: What is the most common site of implantation for ectopic pregnancy? _____
Answer: Fallopian tube (ampulla)
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Flashcard 113: Below is a fetal heart tracing of _____
Answer: fetal bradycardia
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Flashcard 114: What should be given to women with unknown GBS status who go into preterm labor? _____
Answer: Penicillin or ampicillin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 115: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient that presents with foul-smelling brown discharge from the posterior vaginal wall two weeks after a vaginal delivery complicated by third-degree laceration? _____
Answer: Rectovaginal fistula
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/ob-operations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 116: Postpartum urinary retention can result from _____ nerve palsy from pelvic floor injury
Answer: pudendal
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/postpartum-hemorrhage/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 117: Abnormal uterine bleeding is further subcategorized by PALM-COEIN; with structural causes including: - P_____ - A_____ - L_____ - M_____
Answer: olyp
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Flashcard 118: Category III fetal heart tracing = intrauterine resuscitative intervention; if refractory do _____
Answer: C-section
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Flashcard 119: Treatment of vaginismus is _____
Answer: pelvic floor physical therapy
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Flashcard 120: What is the recommended treatment for patients with septic abortion? _____
Answer: Broad-spectrum antibiotics and suction curettage
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Flashcard 121: What is the recommended treatment for symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse refractory to lifestyle modifications? _____
Answer: Pessary or surgical management
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Flashcard 122: What is an umbilical cord prolapse? _____
Answer: Umbilical cord delivers through cervix ahead of the presenting fetal part
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 123: What is the likely diagnosis in a woman with suspected pelvic inflammatory disease that presents with severe RUQ pain? _____
Answer: Fitz-Hugh-Curtis disease (perihepatitis)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 124: _____ is a term baby with rupture of membranes without contractions
Answer: Premature rupture of membrane (PROM)
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Flashcard 125: What classic sign is seen on tocodynametry in the setting of uterine rupture? _____
Answer: Staircase sign
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Flashcard 126: What should be done if fetal heart rate cannot be assessed using external methods? _____
Answer: Apply a fetal scalp electrode to monitor fetal well-being
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Flashcard 127: Do uterine fibroids cause breech presentation? _____
Answer: Yes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/normal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 128: The most common risk factor for PROM/PPROM is ascending _____
Answer: infection (esp. BV)
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Flashcard 129: Do women with IUD and PID require IUD removal prior to antibiotic therapy? _____
Answer: No
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Flashcard 130: When is amnioinfusion contraindicated? _____
Answer: Pt w/ a history of uterine surgery Presumably d/t risk of rupture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/ob-operations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 131: Intrauterine fetal demise - fetal death after _____ weeks, no fetal cardiac activity Management: - 20-23 weeks: _____ - >24 weeks: _____ - Complication: _____
Answer: 20
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 132: Mom has active herpes lesions - what is best delivery method? _____
Answer: C-section
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/prenatal-infections-2/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 133: What is the next best step in working up a pregnant woman (as per UPT) who comes in with vaginal bleeding, an equivocal transvaginal ultrasound, and a β-hCG quantitative test over 1500? _____
Answer: Ultrasound to assess for ectopic pregnancy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 134: Sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern = _____
Answer: category III
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Flashcard 135: Stress urinary incontinence is often associated with urethral _____-mobility or decreased urethral sphincter tone
Answer: hyper
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki characterized by urethral angle of > 30 degrees from horizontal with an increase in abdominal pressure (Q-tip test); SUI may also be caused by decreased urethral sphincter tone
Flashcard 136: The risk factors of breech presentation are either _____ fetal movement or excessive fetal movement
Answer: limited
Extra:
Flashcard 137: Can you have uterine contractions in the setting of pyelonephritis? _____
Answer: Yes; microorganisms may release cytokines and prostaglandins → uterine contractions
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 138: What is the first-line treatment for vaginismus? _____
Answer: Pelvic floor physical therapy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 139: Postpartum wound infections occur _____ days after C section delivery
Answer: 4-7
Extra:
Flashcard 140: Before which gestational age should betamethasone (BMZ) always be given to mothers admitted to labour & delivery? _____
Answer: Before 36 weeks 6 days
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 141: Below is an IUPC tracing with _____
Answer: uterine tachysystole
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Flashcard 142: Amniotic fluid embolism has features of DIC _____
Answer: T
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Flashcard 143: Intermittent variable decelerations are typically well tolerated by the fetus and require _____
Answer: no intervention
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 144: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient that presents with pelvic pressure and voiding dysfunction one year after a hysterectomy? Pelvic examination reveals a protruding vaginal mass, especially with the Valsalva maneuver. _____
Answer: Pelvic organ prolapse
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 145: What is vaginismus? _____
Answer: Dyspareunia due to muscle spasm that prevents vaginal penetration
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 146: The second line management of recurrent variable decelerations is transcervical _____
Answer: amnioinfusion
Extra:
Flashcard 147: In a pregnant woman at 37 weeks gestation, continuous vaginal leakage of clear fluid for the past 2 days indicates _____ duration _____
Answer: rupture of membranes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 148: What is the first line tocolytic for preterm labor? _____
Answer: Indomethacin
Extra:
Flashcard 149: What is the likely diagnosis in a laboring patient with ≥ 6 cm dilation that experiences no further dilation for 4 hours despite adequate contractions? _____
Answer: Arrest of active labor
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 150: External cephalic version is performed before attempting a C-section _____
Answer: F
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Flashcard 151: A patient presents with an abnormal localized outpouching of the urethral mucosa, leading to a palpable, tender mass in the anterior vaginal wall. Symptoms include postvoid dribbling, dysuria, and dyspareunia. Urethral discharge is bloody and purulent. What is the diagnosis? _____
Answer: Urethral diverticulum
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 152: What is the likely diagnosis in a woman that develops abdominal pain and hemorrhagic shock after failing to deliver the placenta? There is a smooth, round mass protruding through the vagina. _____
Answer: Uterine inversion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/postpartum-hemorrhage/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 153: Fetal bradycardia is a fetal heart rate category _____ pattern
Answer: III
Extra:
Flashcard 154: Are pessaries used as conservative treatment for complete pelvic organ prolapse? _____
Answer: Yes
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Flashcard 155: Cervicitis affects the _____
Answer: endocervical glands
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Flashcard 156: Anterior vaginal wall prolapse is suggestive of _____
Answer: cystocele
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 157: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient who develops respiratory failure, hypotension, and DIC immediately post-partum? _____
Answer: Amniotic fluid embolism
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 158: If maternal repositioning of mother is unsuccessful, what are the subsequent intrauterine resuscitation measures that can be taken? _____
Answer: Amnioinfusion Give tocolytics (if tachysystole present) Emergency C-section
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 159: Fetal hypoxic brain injury is typically due to acute uteroplacental insufficiency (e.g. _____ or _____)
Answer: labor stress
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 160: Is pelvic floor therapy used as conservative treatment for complete pelvic organ prolapse? _____
Answer: No
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 161: Chronic vulvar "burning" or soreness that is triggered by touch/pressure (e.g. sex) is suggestive of _____
Answer: vulvodynia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 162: Breech baby = _____
Answer: C-section
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/normal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 163: Post-hysterectomy complication: peritoneal leakage through vagina seen, apex infalmmed = _____
Answer: vaginal cuff dehiscence
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 164: Pt with polyhydramnios with rapid decompression of uterine cavity due to oxytocin use begins to bleed. Likely dx? _____
Answer: Placental abruption
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 165: Primary dysmenorrhea: cramping lower abdominal pain occurring _____
Answer: immediately prior to or during menstruation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 166: What is the definition of second stage arrest of labor in a nulliparous woman? Insufficient fetal descent after pushing for _____ Multiparous? Insufficient fetal descent after pushing for _____
Answer: > 3 hours
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/normal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 167: Complications of oxytocin include _____-natremia, _____-tension, and uterine _____
Answer: hypo
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 168: What is the likely diagnosis in a postpartum patient on post-operative day 2 that presents with fever, uterine tenderness, and purulent lochia? _____
Answer: Postpartum endometritis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 169: What is the likely diagnosis in a postpartum patient on post-operative day 5 with a fever that is unreponsive to broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy with a negative infectious workup (blood/urine cultures, urinalysis)? _____
Answer: Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 170: What is management of labor in women who have contraindications to pushing? _____
Answer: Operative vaginal delivery (e.g. vacuum, forceps)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 171: C section indications are: Failure to _____ Fetal distress Multiple gestation Macrosomia
Answer: progress
Extra:
Flashcard 172: Tocolytic at < 32 weeks = _____ Tocolytic at 32-34 weeks = _____
Answer: indomethacin
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Flashcard 173: Uterosacral nodularity = _____
Answer: endometriosis
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Flashcard 174: An initial measure to treat fetal hypoperfusion causing late decels is to move mom into the _____ position
Answer: left lateral
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 175: The more serious complications of shoulder dystocia are hypoxic _____ and death
Answer: encephalopathy
Extra:
Flashcard 176: If cervical changes slows to <1cm/2 hr (labor protraction), what are the following step(s)? _____
Answer: Place an IUPC to measure contraction If inadequate, augment w/ oxytocin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 177: Variable decelerations can be 2/2 _____ amniotic fluid
Answer: ↓
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 178: When is suction curettage indicated for spontaneous abortion? _____
Answer: Hemodynamically unstable (e.g. hypotensive, tachycardic) patients with anemia from acute blood loss Note: It is NOT used for unstable ectopic pregnancy (surgical exploration)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 179: _____ is high in PSTT
Answer: Human placental lactogen
Extra:
Flashcard 180: The presence of endometrial glandular tissue into the uterine myometrium is known as _____, which presents with a(n) diffusely enlarged soft "globular" uterus
Answer: adenomyosis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 181: Serious complication of bartholin abscess → _____
Answer: necrotizing fascitis
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Flashcard 182: The management of shoulder dystocia is summarized with the mnemonic BECALM: B: _____ E: Elevate the legs C: Call for help A: Apply suprapubic pressure L: enLarge the vaginal opening M: Maneuvers
Answer: Breathe, do not push
Extra:
Flashcard 183: Post-operative pelvic pain is suggestive of _____
Answer: pelvic adhesive disease
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 184: What is the likely diagnosis in an intrapartum patient that presents after >18 hours of membrane rupture and prolonged labor with fever and tachycardia? Fetal heart tracing demonstrates fetal tachycardia. _____
Answer: Chorioamnionitis (intra-amniotic infection)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 185: How do you manage preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM)? < 24 weeks: _____ 24-34 weeks: _____ > 34 weeks: _____ Signs of infection: _____
Answer: abortion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 186: Kegel exercises / pessaries / midurethral sling are used for _____ urinary incontinence
Answer: stress
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 187: What is the likely diagnosis in an afebrile patient that recently delivered a macrosomic baby and now presents with sharp lower midline abdominal pain that radiates to the legs and is exacerbated by ambulation? _____
Answer: Pubic symphysis diastasis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 188: Intrauterine fetal demise (stillbirth) = _____ weeks
Answer: ≥ 20
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Flashcard 189: Prolonged rupture of membrane to treat chorioamnionitis/endometritis is managed with _____
Answer: ampicillin/gentamicin and clindamycin
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 190: What should patients in preterm labor at <32 weeks receive? (3) _____
Answer: Tocolytic agent Corticosteroids Magnesium sulfate
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 191: Tenderness confined to the _____ is the best predictor of hysterectomy succesfully eliminating chronic pelvic pain
Answer: uterus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 192: A condition in which the fetal head is too large for the maternal pelvis, which can lead to failure to progress during 2nd stage of labor is suggestive of _____
Answer: cephalopelvic disproportion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 193: Pelvic organ prolapse is associated with primary amenorrhea _____
Answer: F
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Flashcard 194: Protracted active phase is when you have _____ dilation over _____ hours
Answer: < 1cm
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Flashcard 195: What techniques are used to ripen the cervix? _____ Prostaglandin E2 gel Mechanical dilators
Answer: Misoprostol
Extra:
Flashcard 196: Risks of vacuum extractor delivery to the baby include facial laceration and _____
Answer: cephalohematoma
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/ob-operations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 197: _____
Answer: Chorioamnionitis
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Flashcard 198: Closed cervix and dead baby on ultrasound is most likely a(n) _____
Answer: missed abortion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 199: _____ incontinence is associated with a positive bladder stress test
Answer: Stress
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 200: Palpable, tender mass in the anterior vaginal wall with postvoid dribbling, dysuria, and dyspareunia is suggestive of _____
Answer: urethral diverticulum
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 201: Is a trial of labor (vaginal delivery) contraindicated in a patient with history of a low transverse cesarean delivery? _____
Answer: No
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 202: What can cause uterine distension in placental abruption? _____
Answer: Concealed bleedeing behind the placenta
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 203: Funneled lower uterine segment is suggestive of _____
Answer: cervical incompetence
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Flashcard 204: What are most postpartum endometritis cases in term of their bacterial flora? _____
Answer: Polymicrobial (aerobes and anaerobes)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 205: Below is a fetal heart tracing of _____
Answer: early decelerations
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 206: Intrapartum penicillin is indicated without routine screening in pregnant women with a history of GBS _____ during current pregnancy or those with a prior delivery complicated by neonatal GBS infection
Answer: bacteruria or UTI
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 207: Is intra-amniotic infection an indication for C-section? _____
Answer: No
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/prenatal-infections-2/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 208: What is the recommended management for a patient with arrest of active labor? _____
Answer: Cesarean delivery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 209: What is the best long-term management for stress urinary incontinence due to urethral hypermobility? _____
Answer: Urethral sling surgery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/urology/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 210: What is the general treatment for a choriocarcinoma? _____
Answer: Chemotherapy MAC (Methotrexate, Actinomycin D, Cyclophosphamide with possible surgery)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 211: When is the McRoberts manuever performed? _____
Answer: Facilitates deliver in pts w/ shoulder dystocia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 212: Pain_____ bleeding = mum's problems (placental abrUption and Uterine rupture) Pain_____ bleeding = baby's problems (placenta previa and vasa previa)
Answer: ful
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 213: What is one of the main risk factors for rectal prolapse? _____
Answer: Multiparity
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Flashcard 214: Difference in presentation between placenta previa and vasa previa? Placenta previa = _____ bleeding Vasa previa = _____ bleeding
Answer: heavy, persistent
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 215: Intrapartum penicillin should be administered to those with unknown GBS status if they are < 37 weeks gestation, have intrapartum fever, or have ROM for ≥ _____ hours
Answer: 18
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 216: _____ is used to predict the success of labor induction
Answer: Bishop score
Extra:
Flashcard 217: _____ is a preterm baby with premature rupture of membranes without contractions
Answer: Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (PPROM)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 218: Dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia and soft/boggy uterus is suggestive of _____
Answer: adenomyosis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 219: If the amniotic membrane has ruptured, you can confirm this with _____ to look for _____ in the posterior vaginal fornix
Answer: speculum exam
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 220: Persistent molar pregnancy is more likely in _____ moles
Answer: complete
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 221: Episiotomies are generally _____
Answer: contraindicated
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 222: Cramping and vaginal bleeding that improves after passing tissue is typical of a(n) _____ abortion
Answer: complete
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 223: Laboring patients at high risk of uterine rupture require urgent _____
Answer: laparotomy and delivery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 224: No active herpes lesions at delivery = _____ delivery Active herpes lesions at delivery = _____ delivery
Answer: vaginal
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 225: What is the next step in management after IV lines have been placed in a woman with uterine inversion with a retained placenta? _____
Answer: Manual replacement of the uterus
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/postpartum-hemorrhage/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 226: What are the three tests for rupture of membranes (ROM)? _____
Answer: Vaginal pooling via speculum exam Nitrazine on vaginal fluid Ferning test on vaginal fluid
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 227: Dilated cervix and products of conception not outside uterine cavity is a(n) _____ Dilated cervix and products of conception within and outside of uterine cavity is a(n) _____
Answer: inevitable abortion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 228: Below is a fetal heart rate tracing with _____
Answer: late decelerations
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 229: Below is a fetal heart tracing of _____
Answer: recurrent variable decelerations
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 230: Management of IUFD before 24 weeks is by _____
Answer: dilation and evacuation
Extra:
Flashcard 231: Induction of labor is indicated in _____
Answer: IUGR and oligohydramnios
Extra:
Flashcard 232: A rare complication of IUDs is uterine _____
Answer: perforation
Extra:
Flashcard 233: What is the likely diagnosis in a pregnant woman at 10 weeks gestation that presents with hyperemesis gravidarum? Pelvic ultrasound reveals an intrauterine gestation enlarged for gestational age and bilateral 10-cm, multilocular ovarian masses. _____
Answer: Theca lutein cysts (secondary to a complete hydatidiform mole)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 234: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient that presents one week after an elective abortion with fever, vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, and purulent vaginal discharge? Pelvic ultrasound reveals a thickened endometrial stripe. _____
Answer: Septic abortion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 235: Is a trial of labor (vaginal delivery) contraindicated in a patient with history of a classical (vertical) cesarean delivery? _____
Answer: Yes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 236: Cord prolapse often occurs with abnormal fetal _____
Answer: presentation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 237: Intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC) placement and frank blood is managed with _____
Answer: withdrawing the catheter
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 238: Patients who present in preterm labor at >34 wks with breech presentation are managed with _____
Answer: cesarean delivery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/normal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 239: Preterm labor = labor before _____
Answer: 37 weeks
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 240: Patients in preterm labor at < 37 weeks should receive _____ to reduce risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
Answer: corticosteroids
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 241: Management of birth trauma is manual _____ and surgical repair
Answer: pressure
Extra:
Flashcard 242: What is a normal baseline heart rate and moderate baseline variability, as determined by electronic fetal monitoring? Heart rate: _____ bpm Variability: _____ bpm fluctuations from baseline
Answer: 110-160
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 243: Diagnosis of umbilical cord prolapse is done with _____
Answer: physical palpation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 244: Uterus rips apart, leading to baby birthed into peritoneum is suggestive of _____
Answer: uterine rupture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 245: After cesarian section, patients may feel a(n) "_____ sensation" on the sides of an incision
Answer: pulling
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 246: What is the likely diagnosis in a young woman that presents with a soft, mobile, well-circumscribed mass at the base of the labia majora? _____
Answer: Bartholin duct cyst
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 247: Amnioinfusion is indicated for late fetal decelerations or tachysystole _____
Answer: F
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 248: Prolonged rupture of membrane is if there's a prolonged time between ROM and delivery that is greater than _____ hours
Answer: 18
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 249: Vaginal birth after _____ = ↑ risk of uterine rupture
Answer: C-section
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 250: What is the likely diagnosis in a woman > 40 with new-onset heavy menstrual bleeding, dysmenorrhea, and a uniformly enlarged, boggy, tender, globular uterus? _____
Answer: Adenomyosis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 251: Prior classical C-section Prior extensive uterine myomectomy Placenta previa Are indications for _____
Answer: C-section at 37 weeks
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 252: _____ occurs when placental villi attach directly onto the myometrium
Answer: Placenta accreta
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/postpartum-hemorrhage/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 253: What is the first-line intervention for a woman in the first stage of labor with recurrent variable decelerations and moderate variability on fetal heart tracing? _____
Answer: Maternal repositioning (e.g. left lateral decubitus)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki amnioinfusion is a possible second-line intervention; assisted vaginal delivery could be indicated if the patient was fully dilated
Flashcard 254: A patient who presents with fever 1 week after delivery and has a(n) _____ on examination from uterus to lateral abdomen? Ovarian septic vein thrombophlebitis
Answer: rope like mass
Extra:
Flashcard 255: What is the cause of late FHR decelerations? _____
Answer: Uteroplacental insufficiency and insufficient fetal blood flow/oxygenation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 256: Difference between induction of labor and augmentation of labor? What drugs help facilitate either? IOL → _____ AOL → _____
Answer: misoprostol
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 257: First-line intrauterine resuscitation measure? _____
Answer: Repositioning of the mother
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 258: Placental abruption presents with _____-frequency, _____-intensity uterine contractions with a(n) hypertonic uterus
Answer: high
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 259: _____ BMI is associated with increased length of first stage of labor
Answer: Increased
Extra:
Flashcard 260: Patient with intra-amniotic infection (e.g. chorioamnionitis) is managed with _____
Answer: therapeutic abxs and immediate delivery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 261: Tocolysis is used in PROM to delay delivery up to _____ hours in order to administer _____
Answer: 48
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 262: Until what gestational age are tocolytics given in the management of preterm labor? _____
Answer: <34 weeks
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 263: What is the management of a patient who's pregnant with twins, twin A is in non vertex position and twin B is vertex? _____
Answer: C section delivery
Extra:
Flashcard 264: ↑ Oxytocin levels can lead to _____ decelerations. Why? Uterine tachysystole → compression of blood flow to baby → hypoxia
Answer: late
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 265: What kind of fetal monitoring is contraindicated during labor in mothers with hepatitis C? _____
Answer: Fetal scalp electrodes Can promote the mixing of fetal and maternal blood
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 266: Pelvic organ prolapse is common among postmenopausal patients _____
Answer: T
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 267: Protracted active stage of labor is < _____ cm every 2 hours and managed with _____
Answer: 1
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/normal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 268: Asherman syndrome causes no response to progesterone challenge _____
Answer: T
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/secondary-amenorrhea/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 269: HSV lesions during labor = _____ No lesions during labor = _____
Answer: C-section
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 270: After instructing the laboring patient to breath and not push, management of shoulder dystocia includes _____ and application of suprapubic pressure
Answer: flexing the hips toward the abdomen (McRoberts manuever)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 271: In order to do induction of labor, bishop score must be > _____
Answer: 6
Extra:
Flashcard 272: The contraindications of external cephalic version are the contraindications of C section: _____
Answer: Prior C section Prior uterine myemectomy Placenta previa
Extra:
Flashcard 273: External cephalic version can be attempted for breech presentations at ≥ _____ weeks gestation
Answer: 37
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/normal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 274: Maternal complications associated with placental abruption include _____ and hypovolemic shock
Answer: DIC
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 275: Retraction of the fetal head into the perineum after delivery (e.g. turtle sign) is suggestive of what obstetric complication? _____
Answer: Shoulder dystocia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 276: Maternal fatigue is an indication for vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery _____
Answer: T
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 277: What is the most likely diagnosis in a pregnant patient with prior C-section, contractions, painful third trimester bleeding, and contractions that stop with the onset of bleeding? _____
Answer: Uterine rupture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 278: Blood vessels across cervical os, leading to baby bleeding after rupture of membranes is suggestive of _____
Answer: vasa previa
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 279: What is the next step in management for a pregnant woman at 38 weeks gestation with chorioamnionitis after administration of antibiotics? Fetal heart tracing reveals tachycardia but is otherwise reassuring. _____
Answer: Induction of labor
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 280: Empty gestational sac without a fetal pole with decreasing hCG levels at < 20 weeks is suggestive of _____
Answer: missed abortion
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 281: Indomethacin is contraindicated at which gestational age? _____
Answer: > 32 weeks gestation
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 282: Preterm labor refers to regular contractions causing cervical dilation and/or effacement at < _____ weeks gestation
Answer: 37
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 283: Treatment for stress incontinence may include _____ and pessaries
Answer: weight loss
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 284: What is the complication of prolonged rupture of membranes for the fetus and mom? _____
Answer: Chorioamnionitis/endometritis
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 285: What is the next step in management for a woman that presents in active labor with the fetus in transverse lie position? _____
Answer: Cesarean delivery
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 286: Urethral hypermobility or intrinsic sphincter deficiency = _____ incontinence
Answer: stress
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 287: What is the recommended treatment for imperforate hymen? _____
Answer: Incision and drainage
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 288: Induction of labor is done in fetal distress _____
Answer: F
Extra:
Flashcard 289: Forceps or vacuum extractor delivery requires that cervical os must be at _____ cm
Answer: 10
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 290: What is the first step in induction of a pt with closed cervix? _____
Answer: Prostaglandin E1 tablet (e.g. misoprostol)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 291: Category _____ heart tracing
Answer: 3
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 292: What notable neurological complication can forceps delivery cause? _____
Answer: Facial nerve palsy
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/ob-operations/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 293: At term, what is the most likely cause of new-onset oligohydramnios? _____
Answer: Spontaneous rupture of membranes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 294: Uterine _____ is a form of pelvic organ prolapse in which the entire uterus herniates through the vagina along with the anterior and posterior vaginal walls
Answer: procidentia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki Treat or with pessaries or surgery (pelvic floor exercises are used for mild cases - this is too much)
Flashcard 295: Amniotic fluid embolism vs. PE time frame? _____
Answer: During delivery / right afterwards vs. up to days afterwards
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 296: Uterine inversion is due to excess _____
Answer: cord traction
Extra:
Flashcard 297: Uterine _____ is a form of pelvic organ prolapse in which the entire uterus herniates through the vagina
Answer: procidentia
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 298: Contractions with cervical changes and gestational age 21- 36 weeks is suggestive of _____
Answer: preterm labor
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 299: The management of category III fetal heart rate pattern is _____ delivery
Answer: operative
Extra:
Flashcard 300: What is the treatment for uterine tachysystole? _____
Answer: Discontinue uterotonic agents
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 301: What is the underlying cause of early decelerations on fetal heart tracing? _____
Answer: Fetal head compression
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/antenatal-testing/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 302: A prior classical Cesarean delivery is a contraindication to vaginal delivery _____
Answer: T
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 303: What pelvic surgery complication is characterized by continuous involuntary loss of urine through the vagina in the absence of other urinary symptoms? _____
Answer: Vesicovaginal fistula
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 304: What is warrated in intra-amniotic infection with reassuring fetal heart tones? _____
Answer: Induction of labor
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 305: Category III fetal heart tracing = intrauterine resuscitative intervention; if refractory do _____
Answer: C-section
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 306: The risks of external cephalic version include: Placental _____ Rupture of membranes Cord compression Uterine rupture
Answer: abruption
Extra:
Flashcard 307: A ruptured ovarian cyst can lead to an acute abdomen due to _____
Answer: hemoperitoneum
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki
Flashcard 308: Arrest of active 1st phase of labor is defined as no cervical changes after _____ hours of adequate contraction or _____ hours of any other contraction
Answer: 4
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 309: What is management of premature rupture of membranes at term? _____
Answer: Induction of labor (oxytocin)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 310: What is the recommended management for a laboring patient with > 6 cm dilation that experiences no further dilation for 4 hours and inadequate contractions? _____
Answer: Cervical examination in 2 hours
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/abnormal-labor/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 311: What are the three risk factors for leiomyosarcoma/uterine sarcoma? _____
Answer: Pelvic radiation Tamoxifen use Postmenopausal patients
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 312: What is the nitrazine test for rupture of membranes (ROM)? _____
Answer: pH indication of amniotic fluid; alkaline amniotic fluid turns it blue
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics?ref=anki
Flashcard 313: Loss of fetal station (0 to -3) is suggestive of _____
Answer: uterine rupture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 314: Painful bleeding, loss of contractions, loss of fetal station and palpable fetal parts with a history of C-section is suggestive of _____
Answer: uterine rupture
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obstetrics/3rd-trimester-bleeding/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 315: Decreased sensation in perineal/genital region and fecal/urinary incontinence + post-childbirth = _____ nerve injury
Answer: pudendal
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 316: Most fetuses spontaneously rotate into a longitudinal lie by term _____
Answer: T
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 317: PID is usually treated in _____-patient
Answer: out
Extra:
Flashcard 318: What are the most common causes of acute cervicitis? _____
Answer: Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 319: Unilateral (nonmidline) pelvic pain = _____ dysmenorrhea
Answer: secondary
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 320: Uterine tachysystole can cause fetal compromise (hypoxemia, acidemia) due to disruption of _____
Answer: intervillous blood flow
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 321: Fetal _____ contributes to cephalopelvic disproportion, the most common cause of second stage arrest of labor
Answer: malposition (e.g. occiput transverse)
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 322: Upper posterior vaginal wall prolapse is suggestive of _____
Answer: enterocele
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki
Flashcard 323: The most common cause of oligohydramnios at term gestation is _____
Answer: spontaneous rupture of membranes
Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/obgyn?ref=anki
Flashcard 324: _____ is a complication of pregnancy that presents with a triad of membrane rupture, painless vaginal bleeding, and fetal bradycardia (< 110 beats/min)
Answer: Vasa previa
Flashcard 325: Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) eventually heals with fibrosis; perianal involvement may result in rectal _____
Answer: strictures
Flashcard 326: A _____ hydatidiform mole contains fetal tissue
Answer: partial
Flashcard 327: Placenta _____ is the abnormal attachment of the placenta to the myometrium, without penetrating it
Answer: accreta
Flashcard 328: Early hypertension during pregnancy (before 20 weeks) is associated with a _____
Answer: hydatidiform mole
Flashcard 329: A _____ hydatidiform mole is more commonly associated with increased uterine size
Answer: complete
Flashcard 330: If a previously pregnant patient in the few hours / days after their delivery:- develops a sudden onset of back pain / radicular pain - progresses to complete or partial paralysis of the lower extremitiesWhat is this highly suggestive of?_____
Answer: Spinal epidural hematoma
Flashcard 331: Patients with pelvic inflammatory disease or a ruptured ectopic pregnancy may have _____ performed to extract and ascertain the fluid contents
Answer: culdocentesis
Flashcard 332: One risk factor for uterine rupture is a prior _____
Answer: c-section (operation)
Flashcard 333: What pathology can result in individuals with recent abortion that develop fever and foul-smelling vaginal discharge?_____
Answer: Septic abortion
Flashcard 334: Women with severe perineal lacerations are at risk for fecal incontinence due to _____ damage
Answer: anal sphincter
Flashcard 335: Acute endometritis is associated with retained products of _____ or foreign bodies
Answer: conception
Flashcard 336: Inflammation of the endometrium due to retained products ofconception, miscarriage, abortion, or foreign body (IUD) is known as _____
Answer: endometritis
Flashcard 337: A full-thickness disruption of the uterine wall that typically presents with intense, acute abdominal pain, profuse vaginal bleeding, and fetal distress is most likely what condition?_____
Answer: Uterine rupture
Flashcard 338: Before a patient gets a C-section, what combination of drugs should be given prophylactically?_____
Answer: Gentamicin + Clindamycin
Flashcard 339: What is the treatment for infectious endometritis?_____
Answer: Gentamicin + clindamycin with or without ampicillin
Flashcard 340: One theory behind the etiology of endometriosis is transportation of endometrial tissue via the _____ system
Answer: lymphatic
Flashcard 341: _____ is transient mid-cycle ovulatory pain that may mimic appendicitis
Answer: Mittelschmerz
Flashcard 342: In a patient with stress incontinence, laughing, coughing, and other exertions precipitate leakage due to increases in _____
Answer: intra-abdominal pressure
Flashcard 343: A _____ cyst presents as a unilateral, painful cystic lesion at the lower vestibule adjacent to the vaginal canal
Answer: bartholin
Flashcard 344: Disseminated intravascular coagulation may occur secondary to obstetric complications due to activation of the coagulation cascade by _____ in the amniotic fluid
Answer: tissue thromboplastin
Flashcard 345: What is the most common cause of tubal-factor infertility?_____
Answer: Pelvic inflammatory disease
Flashcard 346: An obstructive lesion caused by incomplete degeneration of the central portion of the fibrous tissue band connecting the walls of the vagina is known as an _____
Answer: imperforate hymen
Flashcard 347: A bartholin cyst may develop into an _____ secondary to obstruction and inflammation
Answer: abscess
Flashcard 348: Is simple needle aspiration an alternative option for rx of imperforate hymen?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 349: Placenta _____ is the abnormal penetration of the placenta into the myometrium
Answer: increta
Flashcard 350: The key risk factor for ectopic pregnancy is _____
Answer: tubal scarring
Flashcard 351: Treatment of septic abortion includes broad spectrum antibiotics and _____
Answer: prompt surgical evacuation
Flashcard 352: Tocolytics are generally used to decrease contraction frequency in _____ labor
Answer: preterm
Flashcard 353: Uterine _____ can be palpated as an opening in the uterine wall
Answer: rupture
Flashcard 354: Septic abortion results from retained _____
Answer: products of conception
Flashcard 355: Actinomyces infection of the GU tract in women is associated with _____
Answer: intrauterine devices (IUDs)
Flashcard 356: Invasive moles are diagnosed by histologic evidence of villi invading the _____ on a hysterectomy specimen
Answer: myometrium
Flashcard 357: Weakening of what ligaments contributes to uterine and vaginal apical prolapse?_____
Answer: Uterosacral ligaments
Flashcard 358: Common causes of chronic endometritis include retained products of conception, chronic _____ (e.g. from long-standing chlamydia), IUD, and TB
Answer: pelvic inflammatory disease
Flashcard 359: Placental _____ is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall (decidua) prior to delivery of fetus
Answer: abruption
Flashcard 360: Improper repair of a midline episiotomy may result in _____ prolapse or dyspareunia
Answer: pelvic organ
Flashcard 361: Placenta accreta often requires _____ after delivery due to attachment of the placenta to the uterus
Answer: hysterectomy
Flashcard 362: What is the treatment of endometritis?_____
Answer: Clindamycin + Gentamicin
Keywords: Labor Complications flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
Study by Chapter
Preterm labor management
Flashcards
Premature rupture of membranes
Flashcards
Chorioamnionitis
Flashcards
Abnormal labor patterns
Flashcards
Shoulder dystocia management
Flashcards
Umbilical cord prolapse
Flashcards
Malpresentations (breech, face, brow)
Flashcards
Trial of labor after cesarean
Flashcards
Uterine rupture
Flashcards
Placental abruption
Flashcards
Placenta previa
Flashcards
Amniotic fluid embolism
Flashcards
Fetal heart rate abnormalities
Flashcards
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