Uterine rupture — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Placental _____ is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall (decidua) prior to delivery of fetus

Answer: abruption

Flashcard 2: Uterine _____ can be palpated as an opening in the uterine wall

Answer: rupture

Flashcard 3: Women with severe perineal lacerations are at risk for fecal incontinence due to _____ damage

Answer: anal sphincter

Flashcard 4: _____ is a complication of pregnancy that presents with a triad of membrane rupture, painless vaginal bleeding, and fetal bradycardia (< 110 beats/min)

Answer: Vasa previa

Flashcard 5: The key risk factor for ectopic pregnancy is _____

Answer: tubal scarring

Flashcard 6: What are the most common clinical presentations and characteristics of uterine leiomyoma (fibroids)?

Answer: Asymptomatic (most common), Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB), Pelvic pressure, and Miscarriage.

Extra: • Morphology: Well-demarcated, whorled smooth muscle bundles. • Epidemiology: Most common in women aged 20-40, higher incidence in Black women. • Prognosis: Does NOT progress to leiomyosarcoma (which arises de-novo). • Growth: Estrogen-sensitive (increases in pregnancy, decreases in menopause).

Flashcard 7: Common causes/predisposing factors for Postpartum Endometritis?

Answer: Retained products of conception (RPOC) or foreign body in the uterus.

Extra: Postpartum endometritis is the most common cause of postpartum fever. Risk Factors: Cesarean delivery (most significant), prolonged ROM, internal monitoring. Treatment: Gentamicin + Clindamycin +/- Ampicillin.

Flashcard 8: placenta previa

Answer: placenta attaches near or over internal cervical os

Extra: painless vaginal bleeding during any trimestermultiparity, prior C-section

Flashcard 9: What is the classic presentation and associated risk factors for abruptio placentae?

Answer: Painful bleeding in 3rd trimester + DIC risk factors (HTN, Cocaine, Smoking)

Extra: Abruptio placentae is the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall. Key features: - Presentation: Sudden-onset painful vaginal bleeding, uterine tenderness, and frequent contractions. - Risk factors: HTN (most common), cocaine use, smoking, trauma, and prior abruption. - Complications: DIC (due to release of tissue factor), hypovolemic shock, and fetal distress.

Flashcard 10: What is Mittelschmerz?

Answer: Mid-cycle pelvic pain associated with ovulation. It is caused by peritoneal irritation from follicular fluid or blood released during follicle rupture.

Extra: Typically occurs 14 days before the next menses. It can present with acute onset lower abdominal pain, often mimicking appendicitis if occurring on the right side. Management is usually reassuring/conservative.