Parasites/Fungi — Flashcards

Parasites/Fungi US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards

Master Parasites/Fungi with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.

Parasites/Fungi Flashcard Deck - 160 Cards

Flashcard 1: Ancylostoma duodenale/Necator americanus (hookworm)

Answer:

Extra: intestinal infection with anemiabendazoles or pyrantel pamoatelarvae penetrate skin

Flashcard 2: Dracunulus medinensis

Answer:

Extra: skin inflammation and ulcerationphysical extraction of wormcontaminated water

Flashcard 3: Onchocerca volvulus

Answer:

Extra: river blindnessivermectinfemale blackfly bite

Flashcard 4: Loa loa

Answer:

Extra: worm in conjunctivadiethylcarbamazinedeer fly, horse fly, mango fly

Flashcard 5: Wuchereria bancrofti

Answer:

Extra: elephantiasisdiethylcarbamazinemosquito

Flashcard 6: Toxocara canis

Answer:

Extra: visceral larva migransalbendaole or mebendazoledogs (humans incidental host)contaminated food

Flashcard 7: Leishmania donovani

Answer:

Extra: sandfly

Flashcard 8: leishmaniasis

Answer:

Extra: spiking fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopeniasodium stibogluconate

Flashcard 9: Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

Answer:

Extra: Scotch Tape testintestinal infection with anal pruritisbendazoles or pyrantel pamoatefecal-oral

Flashcard 10: Ascaris lumbricoides

Answer:

Extra: intestinal infectionbendazoles or pyrantel pamoatefecal-oral

Flashcard 11: Strongyloides stercoralis

Answer:

Extra: intestinal infectionivermectin or albendazolelarvae in soil penetrate skin

Flashcard 12: amebiasis

Answer:

Extra: dysentery, liver abcess, RUQ painmetronidazole, iodoquinol for carriers

Flashcard 13: Pneumocystis jirovecii

Answer: disc-shaped yeast

Extra: silver stainPneumocyctis pneumonia aka PCPTMP-SMX, pentamidine, dapsone

Flashcard 14: mucormycosis

Answer: Mucor and Rhizopus spp.

Extra: headache, facial pain, necrotic eschar on face, frontal lobe abcess, +/- CN involvementDKA or leukemia

Flashcard 15: Mucor spp.

Answer: irregular, broad, nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles

Extra:

Flashcard 16: What media can be used to culture Cryptococcus neoformans?

Answer: Sabouraud's agar

Flashcard 17: Cryptoccus neoformans

Answer: yeast, thick capsule; not dimorphic

Extra: india inkcryptococcal meningitiissoil, pigeon droppings

Flashcard 18: tinea versicolor

Answer: Malassezia furfur

Extra: fungal metabolites damage melanocyteshyper- or hypopigmented patches"spaghetti and meatball" on KOHtopical miconazole, selenium sulfide

Flashcard 19: tinea

Answer: dermatophytes (Microsporum, Trichophyton, Epidermophyton)

Extra: pruritic skin lesions with central clearingmold hyphae on KOH (not dimorphic)pedis, cruris, corporis, capitis, unguium

Flashcard 20: Aspergillus fumigatus

Answer: not dimorphic, acute angle branching, conidia (spore pods on end of hyphae)

Extra: invasive aspergillosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Flashcard 21: invasive aspergillosis

Answer:

Extra: immunocompromised, chronic granulomatous disease

Flashcard 22: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Answer:

Extra: asthma, CF

Flashcard 23: African sleeping sickness

Answer:

Extra: suramin or melarsoprol

Flashcard 24: Babesia

Answer:

Extra: blood smearbebesiosisIxodes ticknortheastern US

Flashcard 25: malaria

Answer: Plasmodium spp.

Extra: fever, headache, anemia, splenomegalychloroquine, mefloquine IV quinidine for severe infection

Flashcard 26: Plasmodium spp.

Answer:

Extra: blood smearmalariaAnopheles mosquito

Flashcard 27: congenital toxoplasmosis

Answer: Toxoplasma gindii

Extra: in newborn: chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications

Flashcard 28: Toxoplasma gondii

Answer:

Extra: serology, biopsycysts in meat, cat feces, transplacental transfer

Flashcard 29: Cryprosporidium

Answer:

Extra: severe diarrhea in immunocompromised, mild watery diarrhea in othersnitazoxanide in immunocompetentcysts in water

Flashcard 30: giaradiasis

Answer: Giardia lamblia

Extra: bloating, flatulence, foul-smelling, fatty diarrheatrophozoites or cysts in stool metronidazoleunpurified water; hiking/camping

Flashcard 31: What culture medium is used to isolate fungi?

Answer: Sabourand's agar

Flashcard 32: silver

Answer: fungi, Legionella, Helicobacter pylori

Flashcard 33: mucicarmine

Answer: Cryptococcus neoformans

Flashcard 34: India ink

Answer: Cryptococcus neoformans

Flashcard 35: _____ forms conidiophores with fruiting bodies

Answer: Aspergillus

Extra: Watch Aspergillus fumigatus [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-aspergillus-fumigatus?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 36: _____ is a(n) bread mold, and is one of the major causes of Mucormycosis

Answer: Rhizopus

Extra: Watch Mucor spp., Rhizopus spp. (mucormycetes) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-mucor-spp-rhizopus-spp-mucormycetes?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 37: The route of transmission of _____ is through inhalation of spores in dust

Answer: coccidioidomycosis

Extra: Watch Coccidioides immitis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-systemic-mycoses-coccidioides-immitis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 38: Oral thrush of the mouth that appears as a white exudate on mucous membranes is due to _____

Answer: candida albicans

Extra: Watch Candida albicans [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-candida-albicans?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 39: Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite commonly transmitted as cysts in _____

Answer: undercooked meat

Extra: Watch Toxoplasma gondii [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-parasites/videos/medical-microbiology-parasites-protozoa-of-the-cns-toxoplasma-gondii?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/protozoa/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 40: _____ is used to isolate fungi

Answer: Sabouraud agar

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki

Flashcard 41: Pneumocystis jirovecii, formerly Pneumocystis carinii, is an opportunistic fungi that appears as _ containing dark _ bodies on microscopy

Answer: cysts

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 42: Candida albicans is in the _ form with pseudo-_ formation at 20 degrees C

Answer: yeast

Flashcard 43: Which fungus is encapsulated? _____

Answer: Cryptococcus neoformans

Extra: Watch Cryptococcus neoformans [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-cryptococcus-neoformans?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 44: Which fungus is shown below? _____

Answer: Histoplasma

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 45: _____ disseminates upon reaching the blood vessels, resulting in kidney failure

Answer: Angioinvasive aspergillosis

Flashcard 46: Malassezia furfur can cause many more problems, other than just Pityriasis Versicolor, in _____ patients

Answer: immunocompromised

Extra: Watch Malassezia furfur [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-cutaneous-mycoses-malassezia-furfur?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 47: Subcutaneous, 'Calabar' swellings are diagnostic of the helminth _____

Answer: Loa loa

Extra: Watch Dracunculus medinensis, Wuchereria bancrofti, Onchocerca volvulus, Toxocara canis, Loa loa (tissue nematodes) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-parasites/videos/medical-microbiology-parasites-helminths-nematodes-dracunculus-medinensis-wuchereria-bancrofti-onchocerca-volvulus-toxocara-canis-loa-loa-tissue-nematodes?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/helminths/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 48: Babesiosis presents with _ cells that contain a(n) _ 'Maltese cross' structure

Answer: red blood

Extra: Watch Babesia spp. [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-parasites/videos/medical-microbiology-parasites-protozoa-of-the-blood-babesia-spp?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/normocytic-anemia?index=20] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/protozoa/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 49: _____ can infect the blood (fungicemia) of neonates receiving TPN, causing severe symptoms

Answer: Malassezia furfur

Flashcard 50: Which fungus can grow in old lung cavities (e.g. TB, Klebsiella, etc)? _____

Answer: Aspergillus (aspergillomas)

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 51: Which fungus is shown below? _____

Answer: Cryptococcus -- in India ink

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 52: _____ include Protozoa and Fungi

Answer: Eukaryotes

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki

Flashcard 53: Pediculus humanus and Phthirus pubis are _____ that cause intense pruritis

Answer: lice

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 54: The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) sample is stained with _____ to identify the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii in Pneumocystis Pneumonia

Answer: methenamine silver

Extra: Watch Pneumocystis jirovecii [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-pneumocystis-jirovecii?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease/pneumonia/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 55: Which fungus is shown below? _____

Answer: Candida albicans (germ tubes)

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 56: What infectious cause of esophagitis presents as white pseudomembranes? _____

Answer: Candida

Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/esophageal-and-gastric-pathology?index=2] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/esophagus/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 57: The India Ink stain is mostly used to identify the fungus _____

Answer: Cryptococcus neoformans

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki

Flashcard 58: Coccidioidomycosis is found in the _____ United States

Answer: Southwestern

Flashcard 59: Paracoccidioidomycosis are _____ RBCs

Answer: larger than

Extra: Watch Paracoccidioides brasiliensis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-systemic-mycoses-paracoccidioides-brasiliensis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 60: Pneumocystis jirovecii has a(n) _____ transmission

Answer: respiratory

Flashcard 61: Cryptococcus is the most common cause of fungal _____

Answer: meningitis

Flashcard 62: Adults receiving parenteral nutrition are at high risk for fungal infection with _____

Answer: Candida (candidemia)

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 63: Aflatoxins are carcinogenic, especially for the development of _____ carcinoma

Answer: hepatocellular

Extra: Watch Aspergillus fumigatus [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-opportunistic-fungal-infections-aspergillus-fumigatus?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/hepatic-pathology?index=14] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 64: How is Aspergillus transmitted? _____

Answer: Inhalation

Flashcard 65: The dermatophyte Microsporum can be identified via _____

Answer: Wood's lamp

Extra: Watch Epidermophyton spp., Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp. (dermatophytes) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-fungi/videos/medical-microbiology-fungi-cutaneous-mycoses-epidermophyton-spp-trichophyton-spp-microsporum-spp-dermatophytes?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 66: Which fungus commonly contaminates sputum cultures? _____

Answer: Candida albicans

Flashcard 67: The Cryptococcus capsule is made up of repeating _____

Answer: polysaccharide capsular antigens

Flashcard 68: Which invasive infection can present similarly to mucormycosis (paranasal sinus necrosis)? _____

Answer: Invasive aspergillosis

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 69: Candida albicans is normal flora of the _ tract, including the _ cavity

Answer: GI

Flashcard 70: Which fungus is urease-positive? _____

Answer: Cryptococcus neoformans

Flashcard 71: Bronchopulmonary washings can be used to diagnose _____ infection

Answer: Cryptococcal

Flashcard 72: Which stain is used to visualize Cryptococcus neoformans? _____

Answer: India ink

Flashcard 73: Silver (methenamine) stain is used to stain the fungi _ and _, as well as the bacteria Legionella and H. pylori

Answer: Pneumocystis pneumonia

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 74: Latex agglutination test is used to detect the _ capsular antigen present in _

Answer: polysaccharide

Flashcard 75: _____ can be a source of dermatophytes and, therefore, Tinea infection, especially in younger individuals

Answer: Animals/pets

Flashcard 76: Cryptococcus neoformans assumes a(n) _____ form (with a polysaccharide capsule)

Answer: yeast

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 77: _ degradation produces acid that damages _ in Pityriasis Versicolor (results in hypo/hyperpigmentation)

Answer: Lipid

Flashcard 78: Peanuts and Grain crops (ex: wheat) are associated with _____ produced by Aspergillus flavus

Answer: aflatoxins

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 79: Deferoxamine, which chelates both iron and aluminum, acts as a(n) ___ for the species _, enhancing its growth and pathogenicity. This leads to an increased risk for ___

Answer: siderophore

Flashcard 80: Which fungus is shown below? _____

Answer: Aspergillus fumigatus

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 81: Which two fungi are catalase positive? _____

Answer: Candida and Aspergillus

Flashcard 82: Candida albicans forms _____ at 37 degrees celsius

Answer: germ tubes (true hyphae)

Flashcard 83: Cryptococci enter the body via _, therefore the primary infection resides in the _

Answer: inhalation

Flashcard 84: Transmission of mucormycosis infection occurs via _____

Answer: spore inhalation

Flashcard 85: Which fungus is shown below? _____

Answer: Malassezia furfur

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 86: Bronchiectasis is associated with _____, which is a hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus

Answer: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Extra: aspergillus is NOT a bacteria. However , this memory hook helps me remember infections, including ABPA Watch Asthma & Bronchiectasis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary/videos/medical-pathophysiology-pulmonary-obstructive-lung-disease-asthma-and-bronchiectasis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pulmonary/obstructive-lung-disease/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 87: _____ hyphae are non-septated with wide-angled (90°) branching

Answer: Mucormycosis

Flashcard 88: What is the Obligatory host of Ixodes ticks? _____

Answer: Deer (ixodes is a deer tick)

Extra: Watch Borrelia burgdorferi [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-bacteria/videos/medical-microbiology-bacteria-spirochetes-borrelia-burgdorferi?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 89: The fungus _____ causes Pityriasis Versicolor

Answer: Malassezia furfur

Flashcard 90: _____ produces melanocyte damaging acids via lipid degradation

Answer: Malassezia furfur (M. furfur)

Flashcard 91: Which fungus is shown below? _____

Answer: Candida albicans

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 92: _____ is the most common cause of opportunistic mycoses

Answer: Candida albicans

Flashcard 93: _____ results in white patches in the oral cavity that can be scraped away

Answer: Candida albicans

Flashcard 94: A positive germ tube test is strongly indicative of _____

Answer: Candida albicans

Flashcard 95: _____ is a species of opportunistic fungus that presents as nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles

Answer: Mucor spp.

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/fungi/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 96: _____ is a species of opportunistic fungus that presents as septated hyphae branching at acute angles

Answer: Aspergillus

Flashcard 97: Which fungus is shown below? _____

Answer: Rhizopus

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 98: Which interleukin is primarily responsible for stimulating IgE production? _____

Answer: IL-4

Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/immunology/videos/b-cells?index=4] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki

Flashcard 99: The trophozoites of Plasmodium _____ are small rings

Answer: falciparum

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 100: Which parasite causes amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery)? _____

Answer: Entamoeba Histolytica

Extra: Watch Entamoeba histolytica [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-microbiology/units/medical-microbiology-parasites/videos/medical-microbiology-parasites-protozoa-of-the-intestinal-tract-entamoeba-histolytica?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] https://onlinemeded.org/spa/microbiology/protozoa/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 101: _____ is an opportunistic fungal infection that is mostly seen in ketoacidotic diabetic and leukemic patients

Answer: Mucormycosis

Flashcard 102: _ stains and outlines the heavy capsule that surrounds Cryptococci fungi, giving it a unique "_" appearance

Answer: India ink

Flashcard 103: _____ is used to prep oral scrapings when attempting to diagnose oral candidiasis

Answer: KOH

Flashcard 104: What microscopy finding is characteristic of Candida? _____

Answer: pseudohyphae +/- budding yeast

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki

Flashcard 105: What microorganism is most commonly involved in the pathogenesis of tinea capitis? _____

Answer: Trichophyton tonsurans

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/alopecia/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 106: How are dermatophytes visualized? _____

Answer: Branching septate hyphae on KOH

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 107: Pseudohyphae on KOH prep in the cold = _____

Answer: Candida

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki

Flashcard 108: The diagnosis of tinea corporis is confirmed with KOH preparation of skin scrapings demonstrating _____

Answer: segmented hyphae

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/superficial-skin-infections/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 109: Vulvovaginal candidiasis unresponsive to azoles is usually due to _____

Answer: Candida Glabrata

Extra:

Flashcard 110: Diagnosis of Tinea versicolor is confirmed with _____, which demonstrates a classic "spaghetti and meatballs" appearance

Answer: KOH preparation

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/hypopigmentation/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 111: The 3 _____ are: 1. Trichophyton 2. Epidermophyton 3. Microsporum

Answer: dermatophytes

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki

Flashcard 112: Broad-based budding yeast = _____

Answer: blastomyces

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki

Flashcard 113: What is the likely diagnosis in an obese woman with an erythematous rash involving the skin folds underneath her breasts? _____

Answer: Intertrigo (most commonly due to Candida)

Extra: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki

Flashcard 114: Which class of helper T cell recruits eosinophils for parasite defense?_____

Answer: Th2

Flashcard 115: Transmission of mucormycosis infection is via _____

Answer: spore inhalation

Flashcard 116: Which fungus commonly contaminates sputum cultures?_____

Answer: Candida albicans

Flashcard 117: The India Ink stain is mostly used to identify the fungus _____

Answer: Cryptococcus neoformans

Flashcard 118: _____ cell deficient patients are more likely to get superficial Candida infections

Answer: T

Flashcard 119: How is Aspergillus transmitted?_____

Answer: Inhalation

Flashcard 120: Which fungus is urease-positive?_____

Answer: Cryptococcus neoformans

Flashcard 121: _____ is a species of opportunistic fungus that presents as nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles.

Answer: Mucor spp.

Flashcard 122: _____ is an opportunistic yeast infection that is mostly seen in ketoacidotic diabetic and leukemic patients.

Answer: Mucormycosis

Flashcard 123: Aspergillus fumigatus is not dimorphic and occurs only as _____

Answer: molds

Flashcard 124: Which stain is used to visualize Cryptococcus neoformans?_____

Answer: India ink

Flashcard 125: _____ is an opportunistic fungal infection that presents with rhinocerebral and frontal lobe abscesses.

Answer: Mucormycosis

Flashcard 126: The repeating polysaccharide capsular antigens of the Cryptococci capsule are the main virulence factor of the fungus, making it _____

Answer: anti-phagocytic

Flashcard 127: Oral thrush of the mouth that appears as a white exudate on mucous membranes is due to _____

Answer: candida albicans (which fungus)

Flashcard 128: Schistosoma _____ can result in hematuria

Answer: haematobium

Flashcard 129: Sarcoptes scabiei causes _____

Answer: scabies

Flashcard 130: The Cryptococcus capsule is made up of repeating _____

Answer: polysaccharide capsular antigens

Flashcard 131: What characteristic of Malassezia furfur makes it problematic for neonates receiving TPN?_____

Answer: Lipophilic

Flashcard 132: _____ is a species of opportunistic fungus that presents as septated hyphae branching at acute angles.

Answer: Aspergillus

Flashcard 133: Which fungus can grow in old lung cavities (ie: TB, Klebsiella, etc)?_____

Answer: Aspergillus (aspergillomas)

Flashcard 134: What is the mature form of Leishmania?_____

Answer: Amastigote

Flashcard 135: A positive germ tube test is strongly indicative of _____.

Answer: Candida albicans (what fungus)

Flashcard 136: Tinea is commonly referred to as '_____''

Answer: ringworm

Flashcard 137: _____ can be a source of dermatophytes and, therefore, Tinea infection, especially in younger individuals

Answer: Animals/pets

Flashcard 138: What is the Obligatory host of Ixodes ticks?_____

Answer: Deer (ixodes is a deer tick)

Flashcard 139: Pneumocystis jiroveci has a _____ transmission

Answer: respiratory

Flashcard 140: _____ is the most common cause of opportunistic mycoses

Answer: Candida albicans (which fungus?)

Flashcard 141: What is the infective form of Leishmania?_____

Answer: Promastigote

Flashcard 142: What infectious cause of esophagitis presents as white pseudomembranes? _____

Answer: Candida

Flashcard 143: _____ is an opportunistic fungal infection that presents with headache, facial pain, and a black necrotic eschar on the face.

Answer: Mucormycosis

Flashcard 144: Antibiotics kill vaginal microflora, allowing microbes such as _____ to flourish

Answer: Candida albicans (which fungus)

Flashcard 145: The gametocytes of Plasmodium malariae are _____ (shape)

Answer: round

Flashcard 146: Ergosterol is a component of the fungal cell _____

Answer: membrane

Flashcard 147: _____ produces melanocyte damaging acids (Azelaic acid) via lipid degradation

Answer: Malassezia furfur (M. furfur) (Which fungus)

Flashcard 148: Cryptococcus neoformans assumes a _____ form (with a polysaccharide capsule)

Answer: yeast

Flashcard 149: Which fungus is encapsulated?_____

Answer: Cryptococcus neoformans

Flashcard 150: What is the Reservoir of Ixodes tick larvae?_____

Answer: Mouse

Flashcard 151: Which two fungi are catalase positive?_____

Answer: Candida and Aspergillus

Flashcard 152: Which fungus has a "spaghetti and meatball" appearance on KOH prep?_____

Answer: Malassezia furfur

Flashcard 153: _____ is a cattle (beef) tapeworm

Answer: Taenia saginata

Flashcard 154: Once produced, IgE binds to _____ receptors on mast cells in the airway mucosa

Answer: high affinity (FcRI) (specific)

Flashcard 155: What three parasitic infections are most commonly associated with myocarditis (TCTGTC)?_____

Answer: Trypanosoma cruzi, Toxoplasma gondii, Toxocara Canis

Flashcard 156: _____ include Protozoa and Fungi

Answer: Eukaryotes (Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes)

Flashcard 157: Pediculus humanus and Phthrirus pubis are _____ that cause intense prutitis

Answer: lice

Flashcard 158: Where do the fungi Dermatophytes reside in the body?_____

Answer: Skin

Flashcard 159: Cryptococcus neoformans (along with other fungi) can be cultured on _____ agar.

Answer: Sabouraud

Flashcard 160: _____ is used to prep oral scrapings when attempting to diagnose oral candidiasis

Answer: KOH

Keywords: Parasites/Fungi flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards

Study by Chapter

Candida species

Flashcards

Aspergillus species

Flashcards

Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii

Flashcards

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Flashcards

Mucormycoses

Flashcards

Dermatophytes

Flashcards

Antifungal agents

Flashcards

Opportunistic fungal infections

Flashcards

Parasitic life cycles

Flashcards

Soil-transmitted helminths

Flashcards

Filarial nematodes

Flashcards

Schistosomiasis

Flashcards

Echinococci and other tissue helminths

Flashcards

Want unlimited flashcards?

Get full access to all flashcards, spaced repetition, and progress tracking.

Start For Free

Parasites/Fungi — Flashcards

Parasites/Fungi — Flashcards

On this page