Microbial genetics and drug resistance US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Microbial genetics and drug resistance with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Microbial genetics and drug resistance Flashcard Deck - 16 Cards
Flashcard 1: What glial cell type serves as the CNS phagocyte?
Answer: microglia
mnemonic: Microglia (e.g. Macrophages) develop from Mesoderm
Flashcard 2: Microglia derive from what embryologial predecessor?
Answer: mesoderm
mnemonic: Microglia (e.g. Macrophages) develop from Mesoderm
Flashcard 3: Where do the genes for bacterial exotoxins reside?
Answer: plasmids or transferred by bacteriophages
Flashcard 4: What bacteria are particularly adept at transformation of environmental DNA?
Answer: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae B, Neisseria
mnemonic: SHiN
Flashcard 5: Give four processes by which bacteria may gain/lose/recombine DNA.
Answer: transformation, transposition, transduction, conjugation
Flashcard 6: transformation (bacterial genetics)
Answer: process of taking up naked DNA from the environment
Flashcard 7: transposition (bacterial genetics)
Answer: process by which DNA segment can excise and reintegrate in another part of the bacterial chromosome or plasmid
Flashcard 8: generalized transduction (bacterial genetics)
Answer: packaging event; lytic phage chops up host DNA and may incorporate some in new virion, which can transfer DNA to new host
Flashcard 9: specialized transduction (bacterial genetics)
Answer: excision event; lysogenic phage integrates, and when it excises, may drag bacterial DNA with it into new virion, which can transfer DNA to new host
Flashcard 10: conjugation (bacterial genetics)
Answer: "bacterial sex"; process by which bacteria directly transfer genes; one-way transfer of plasmid DNA
Flashcard 11: plasmid
Answer: transferrable genes for resistance, enzymes, toxins
Extra: DNA
Flashcard 12: What lab techinque can be used to visually compare the size of PCR products?
Answer: agarose gel electrophoresis
Flashcard 13: How does a flourescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay work?
Answer: Flourescent nucleic acid probe binds complementary sequence on chromosome.
Flashcard 14: Which molecular motor protein travels retrograde toward the - end of the microtubule?
Answer: Dynein
mnemonic: dyn' to get home
Flashcard 15: The - end of a microtubule usually points toward?
Answer: center of the cell (MTOC)
Flashcard 16: How many ORIs are active per replication cycle in prokaryotes? Eukaryotes?
Answer: prokaryotes - 1
eukaryotes - many
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