Fluoroquinolone resistance — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Transposition of bacterial DNA allows for transfer of bacterial DNA amongst different strains, such as resistance to _____

Answer: antibiotics

Flashcard 2: Resistance to Colistin (Polymixin E) is encoded via the Mcr-1 gene which alters the structure of _____

Answer: Lipid A

Flashcard 3: Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) is bacitracin _____

Answer: resistant

Flashcard 4: Sulfonamides (ie: sulfamethoxazole) have activity against the gram positive branching, filamentous rod _____

Answer: Nocardia

Flashcard 5: In which phase of bacterial growth do antibiotics have their greatest effect?

Answer: Log phase (Exponential phase)

Extra: Antibiotics, especially cell wall synthesis inhibitors (e.g., beta-lactams), are most effective during the log phase because this is when bacteria are actively dividing and synthesizing new cell wall components.

Flashcard 6: _____ are one of the leading causes of nosocomial (hospital) infections in the U.S. due to high antibiotic resistance.

Answer: Enterococci spp.

Flashcard 7: What glial cell type serves as the CNS phagocyte?

Answer: microglia mnemonic: Microglia (e.g. Macrophages) develop from Mesoderm

Flashcard 8: Microglia derive from what embryologial predecessor?

Answer: mesoderm mnemonic: Microglia (e.g. Macrophages) develop from Mesoderm

Flashcard 9: Where do the genes for bacterial exotoxins reside?

Answer: plasmids or transferred by bacteriophages

Flashcard 10: What bacteria are particularly adept at transformation of environmental DNA?

Answer: S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae B, Neisseria mnemonic: SHiN