Gram-positive US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Gram-positive with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Gram-positive Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 21: Strep pneumo is associated with a _____ colored sputum.
Answer: rusty
Flashcard 22: Which organism is classically associated with food poisoning from reheated rice?
Answer: Bacillus cereus
Extra: Characteristics: Gram-positive, spore-forming, aerobic rod.
Two types of food poisoning:
1. Emetic type: Caused by cereulide (preformed toxin); associated with rice; short incubation (< 6 hrs).
2. Diarrheal type: Associated with meat/vegetables; longer incubation (8-16 hrs).
Flashcard 23: Gram stain and morphology of Actinomyces?
Answer: Gram-positive branching filaments
Extra: Characteristics:
- Anaerobe (vs. Nocardia which is aerobic)
- Not acid-fast
- Normal oral/GI flora; causes cervicofacial abscesses with 'sulfur granules'
- Treatment: Penicillin (SNAP: Sulfa for Nocardia, Actinomyces is Penicillin)
Flashcard 24: Gram positive organisms stain _____.
Answer: purple/blue
Flashcard 25: Viridans streptococci: Microbiology and Clinical associations
Answer: Gram-positive cocci; α-hemolytic; Optochin resistant; Bile insoluble
Extra: Species associations:
1. S. mutans & S. sobrinus: Dental caries.
2. S. sanguinis: Subacute bacterial endocarditis (binds to fibrin-platelet aggregates on damaged heart valves).
3. S. intermedius group: Brain/liver abscesses.
Flashcard 26: Characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes (Gram stain, hemolysis, and bacitracin link)
Answer: Gram-positive cocci in chains, Beta-hemolytic, Bacitracin sensitive
Extra: Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Strep):
• Catalase negative
• PYR positive
• Diseases: Pharyngitis, cellulitis, impetigo, scarlet fever, necrotizing fasciitis, rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis.
Flashcard 27: Most common causative organism of acute mastitis:
Answer: Staphylococcus aureus
Extra: Acute mastitis is most commonly caused by S. aureus. It typically occurs during breastfeeding (lactational mastitis). Fissures in the nipple provide an entry point for skin flora.
Flashcard 28: What organisms express the bacterial virulence factor: M protein?
Answer: group A Strep (aka S. pyogenes)
Flashcard 29: What pigment is produced by S. aureus?
Answer: yellow-gold
mnemonic: it's in the name, man!
Flashcard 30: What culture medium is used to isolate C. diphtheriae?
Answer: Loffler's media on Tellurite plate
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