Gastroenterology US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Gastroenterology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Gastroenterology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 181: Complications of diverticulitis include _____, perforation, and obstruction (inflammatory stenosis)
Answer: abscess
Extra:
Watch Large Bowel & Appendiceal Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-colorectal-and-anal-disorders-large-bowel-and-appendiceal-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/colorectal-pathology?index=10]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/diverticula/acquire?ref=anki
Pnuemoperitoneum
CT abdomen (IV contrast; axial section)
Extraluminal air (1) is visible within the peritoneal cavity, indicating a pneumoperitoneum. A diverticulum can be seen arising from the sigmoid colon (2), which is likely the site of the perforation, as indicated by the mesenteric fat stranding and edema around the sigmoid colon.
3: iliac muscle; 4: internal iliac artery; 5: rectum with feces
Suspected abscess with gas inclusions in the left lower abdomen
Abdominal CT scan, transverse section across the ilium (green shading) and the sacrum (S), above the hip joint: extensive lesion (green area) with circular, hypodense inclusions (arrows).
Suspected diagnosis: abscess following a perforated sigmoid diverticulitis without communication with the peritoneum.
Abscess due to perforated diverticulitis
Axial abdominal CT scan with oral contrast medium: receding abscess in proximity to the left iliopsoas muscle, which was originally caused by perforated diverticulitis (not shown). The placed percutaneous drainage enables resolution of the abscess (1- drainage; 2- receding abscess; 3- diverticulum).
Fistula following a ruptured diverticulum
Contrast enema of the colon
The contrast medium is located in the rectal ampulla, the sigmoid colon, and the descending colon. Multiple diverticula (solid green overlay) are visible. A fistula resulting from a perforated diverticulum (hatched green overlay) can be seen in the sigmoid colon.
S: sigmoid colon; R: rectum; P: pelvis
Flashcard 182: Which immunodeficiency is associated with an absent in vitro T-cell proliferation in response to Candida antigens due to T-cell dysfunction?
_____
Answer: Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/immunology?ref=anki
Flashcard 183: Whipple disease may present with fat malabsorption and steatorrhea due to compression of _____ by macrophages
Answer: lacteals
Extra:
Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/intestinal-pathology?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/malabsorption/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 184: Gastric adenocarcinoma rarely may present with the _____ sign, which is sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses
Answer: Leser-Trélat
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/esophageal-and-gastric-pathology?index=14]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/misc-gastric/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 185: One cause of vitamin B12 deficiency is _____ (e.g. sprue, enteritis)
Answer: malabsorption
Extra:
Watch Vitamin B [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-biochemistry/units/medical-biochemistry-vitamins-minerals/videos/medical-biochemistry-vitamins-and-minerals-water-soluble-vitamins-vitamin-b12-cobalamin?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/hematology-and-oncology/videos/macrocytic-anemia?index=3]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/malabsorption/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 186: What infectious cause of esophagitis presents as punched-out ulcers?
_____
Answer: HSV-1
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/esophagus/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 187: Patients with a first-degree relative diagnosed with colon cancer at age < 60 should be screened via colonoscopy starting at age _____ or starting 10 years prior to their relative's presentation
Answer: 40
Extra: High-risk screening (FDR < 60 or ≥ 2 FDRs at any age): Colonoscopy at age 40 or 10 years before the relative's diagnosis, whichever comes first. Repeat every 5 years.
Note: If the single FDR was ≥ 60, screening typically starts at age 40 (or 45) and repeats every 10 years (average risk interval).
Flashcard 188: What demographic is commonly associated with diverticulosis?
_____
Answer: Older adults (risk increases with age)
Extra:
* Old man signifying age group of diverticulosis
Watch Large Bowel & Appendiceal Disorders [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-gi/videos/medical-pathophysiology-gi-colorectal-and-anal-disorders-large-bowel-and-appendiceal-disorders?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/gastroenterology/videos/colorectal-pathology?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/diverticula/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 189: A skin injection of what can be used to confirm isolated B cell defects such as X-linked Agammaglobulinemia?
_____
Answer: Candida antigens
Extra:
Watch B Cell Disorders & DiGeorge Syndrome [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-immunology/videos/medical-pathophysiology-immunology-immunodeficiency-b-cell-disorders-and-digeorge-syndrome?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/immunology/videos/immunodeficiency-syndromes?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/immunodeficiency/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 190: _____ is the distention or dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces
Answer: Hydronephrosis
Extra:
Watch Hydronephrosis & Urinary Tract Obstruction [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-urinary-tract-obstruction-hydronephrosis-and-urinary-tract-obstruction?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
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