Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1391: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome may present with _____ due to inactivation of pancreatic lipases

Answer: steatorrhea

Flashcard 1392: What Herpesvirus can result in colitis with ulcerated walls?_____

Answer: CMV

Flashcard 1393: Dengue fever infects the _____

Answer: bone marrow

Flashcard 1394: Boerhaave syndrome may present with subcutaneous _____, which is characterized by crepitus felt in the neck region or chest wall

Answer: emphysema

Flashcard 1395: Sialolithiasis presents as recurrent _____-prandial pain and swelling in affected gland

Answer: pre-/peri

Flashcard 1396: Which type of duodenal ulcer (anterior or posterior) is more commonly associated with hemorrhage? _____

Answer: Posterior

Flashcard 1397: Treatment for cystinuria includes urinary _____ (e.g. potassium citrate, acetazolamide)

Answer: alkalinization

Flashcard 1398: Which cause of pharyngitis is more commonly seen in late teens and adults?_____

Answer: EBV (infectious mononucleosis)

Flashcard 1399: A secretin stimulation test is positive if gastrin levels _____ after administration of secretin

Answer: Increase (paradoxically)

Extra: In normal individuals, secretin inhibits gastrin release from G cells. In Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, secretin paradoxically stimulates gastrin release from gastrinoma cells. A positive test is usually defined as an increase in serum gastrin of >200 pg/mL.

Flashcard 1400: Which AIDS-defining illness is caused directly by HIV?_____

Answer: HIV encephalopathy (HIV-associated dementia) or HIV wasting syndrome

Extra: Most AIDS-defining illnesses are opportunistic infections (e.g., Pneumocystis pneumonia) or malignancies caused by other viruses (e.g., Kaposi sarcoma is caused by HHV-8; Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is associated with EBV). HIV encephalopathy and HIV wasting syndrome are unique as they are caused by the direct effects of HIV itself.