Gastroenterology — Flashcards

Flashcard 1141: Which electrolyte disturbance causes bone loss, osteomalacia (adults), and rickets (children)? _____

Answer: Low PO43-

Flashcard 1142: MEN 2B is associated with mucosal _____ (oral/intestinal ganglioneuromatosis)

Answer: neuromas

Flashcard 1143: Horseshoe kidney is associated with increased risk for kidney _____ and infection

Answer: stones

Flashcard 1144: The symptoms of epidemic typhus include _____

Answer: arthralgias, pneumonia, encephalitis, and the rash (4)

Flashcard 1145: Acute mesenteric ischemia may present with _____ stool

Answer: currant jelly

Extra: The classic early presentation of acute mesenteric ischemia is **pain out of proportion to physical exam**. 'Currant jelly' stool is more commonly associated with intussusception, but can occur in late-stage AMI.

Flashcard 1146: Which skin disorder begins as a "Herald patch" followed days later by other scaly, erythematous plaques in a "Christmas tree" distribution on the trunk?_____

Answer: Pityriasis rosea

Flashcard 1147: Erythema multiforme with involvement of one or more mucous membranes (e.g., oral) and systemic symptoms (e.g., fever) is termed:

Answer: Erythema multiforme major

Extra: Erythema multiforme (EM) is now considered a distinct clinical entity from Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS). - **EM Major**: Target lesions with involvement of ≥1 mucous membrane and systemic symptoms. Usually post-infectious (e.g., HSV). - **SJS**: Characterized by extensive skin detachment (<10% BSA) and involvement of ≥2 mucous membranes. Usually drug-induced.

Flashcard 1148: JC virus presents in _____ patients

Answer: immunocompromised (HIV/AIDS)

Flashcard 1149: What is the treatment for celiac disease? _____

Answer: Gluten-free diet

Flashcard 1150: Screening for colorectal carcinoma in low-risk patients begins at _____ years of age (e.g. colonoscopy, fecal occult blood (stool guaiac test))

Answer: 45