Arrhythmias — Flashcards

Flashcard 441: What is the serum calcium level in primary hyperparathyroidism?_____

Answer: Increased (due to increased PTH)

Flashcard 442: _____ is a polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with shifting sinusoidal waveforms on ECG

Answer: Torsades de pointes

Flashcard 443: Huntington disease is characterized by _____ acetylcholine

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 444: Does ALS present with symmetric or asymmetric weakness?_____

Answer: Asymmetric

Flashcard 445: Does subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (de Quervain) present with a tender or nontender thyroid?_____

Answer: **Very tender**

Flashcard 446: Despite high levels of calcitonin in medullary thyroid carcinoma, serum calcium levels are typically _____

Answer: Normal (eucalcemia)

Extra: Calcitonin is a tumor marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). While calcitonin can theoretically lower calcium by inhibiting bone resorption, its physiological role in humans is minimal, and patients with MTC maintain normal calcium levels via PTH compensation.

Flashcard 447: Which stage of Lyme disease is late and disseminated?_____

Answer: Stage 3

Flashcard 448: Which electrolyte disturbance causes tetany, torsades de pointes, and hypokalemia? _____

Answer: Low Mg2+ (hypomagnesemia)

Flashcard 449: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome may result in re-entry circuit, causing supraventricular _____

Answer: tachycardia

Flashcard 450: Classically, the first location affected in Clostridium tetani infection is the _____

Answer: jaw