Vitamin/mineral functions and deficiencies — Flashcards

Flashcard 21: What conditions/states are likely to result in water-soluble vitamin deficiencies?

Answer: Chronic alcoholism, malabsorption syndromes, and pregnancy/lactation (increased demand).::name a few conditions

Extra: The symptoms mentioned previously (dermatitis, glossitis, diarrhea) are clinical manifestations of vitamin B deficiencies (specifically B-complex), not the causes/conditions that lead to the deficiency itself. Common causes for water-soluble vitamin depletion include poor intake (alcoholism), decreased absorption (celiac, Crohn's), or increased physiological demand.

Flashcard 22: What conditions are likely to result in fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies?

Answer: malabsorption syndromes

Flashcard 23: Which vitamins are water soluble?

Answer: All Bs, C

Flashcard 24: Which vitamins are fat soluble?

Answer: A, D, E, K

Flashcard 25: What condition is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C?

Answer: Vitamin C deficiency (Ascorbic acid)

Extra: Physical findings in scurvy: • Swollen, bleeding gums • Petechiae, purpura, and easy bruising • Hemarthrosis (bleeding into joints) • Poor wound healing • Perifollicular hemorrhages and corkscrew hairs • Anemia (due to poor iron absorption/bleeding) Mechanism: Vitamin C is a cofactor for the hydroxylation of proline and lysine residues in collagen synthesis.

Flashcard 26: What occurs during the hydroxylation step of collagen synthesis?

Answer: vitamin C-dependent hydroxylation of some proline and lysine residues