Metabolism — Flashcards

What are the followings in relation to conversion to pyruvate & lactic acid? -Alanine -Asparagine -Galactose -Glycerol -Lysine -Serine

What enzymes are found in the following points and what disease/symptoms they will present with?

What are the followings are associated with? -Heme oxygenase -Biliverdin reductase

31 y/o patient present with myalgias, anorexia, & skin rash. -He doesn't do drugs or alcohol. -He has been consuming large amounts of raw egg whites for the past several months. -Physical exam: macular dermatitis of the extremities. -A water-soluble vitamin deficiency is suspected as the cause of his condition. -Which biochemical conversions most likely uses the deficient vitamin as a cofactor?

78 y/o woman comes with tenderness and easy bleeding of the gums when brushes her teeth. -Physical exam: swollen gingiva that bleed on probing. -Skin finding are shown below: Her symptoms are most likely caused  by hypoactivity of an enzyme found in which cellular compartment?

What are the following enzymes are associated with? -Acetyl CoA carboxylase -Acyl CoA synthetase -ATP citrate lyase -Glucose-6-phophate dehydrogenase -Glycerol kinase

In what pathway the followings are associated with in relation to growth factors that causes cancer? -Ca2+ efflux from endoplasmic reticulum -cAMP accumulation -Dimerization of STAT proteins -Rapid decrease in cGMP levels -Translocation to the nucleus and gene transcription (MAP-kinase pathway, mTOR pathway, Inositol phospholipid pathway, cAMP pathway, JAK/STAT pathway)

Molecular biologists studying signal transduction apply an agent to human cells that activates G-Protein-dependent phospholipase C. -Which intracellular substances is most likely to incrase immediately after exposure to this agent?

A 54 y/o man comes with anemia. -Evaluation: Cause of anemia is EPO deficiency. -In this patient, mature erthrocytes are found that are unable to synthesize heme even though they contain detectable levels of cytoplasmic enzymes involved in heme synthesis. -Lack of which cellular organelles best explains this phenomenon?

35 y/o woman comes with nausea, vomiting, and fever. -Her symptoms began 24 hours ago, she's been unable to eat or drink anything since. -Labs: glucose level: 82 mg/dL despite her 24 hour fast. -maintenace of this patient's blood glucose levels is facilitated by hepatic conversion of pyruvate into glucose. -Which of the following substances directly stimulates the 1st enzyme involved in this process?