Histology US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Histology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Histology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 1: Embryological origin of the dermis?
Answer: Mesoderm (and Neural Crest) :: mostly derived from Mesoderm (lateral plate and paraxial), but facial dermis is from Neural Crest.
Extra: The dermis has a dual origin:
1. Paraxial mesoderm (dermatome): Dermis of the back.
2. Lateral plate mesoderm: Dermis of the ventral body wall and limbs.
3. Neural crest cells: Dermis of the face and anterior neck.
Flashcard 2: What organelles are stained with Nissl substance?
Answer: RER
Flashcard 3: What type of cytoskeletal element is most associated with cell structure?
Answer: intermediate filaments
Flashcard 4: Which layer of the epidermis is the regenerative (stem cell) layer?
_____
Answer: Stratum basalis
Extra:
Watch Actinic Keratosis, Squamous Cell Carcinoma & Basal Cell Carcinoma [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-derm-actinic-keratosis-squamous-cell-carcinoma-and-basal-cell-carcinoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/skin?index=3]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/musculoskeletal/inflammatory-dermatoses/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 5: In which layer of sun-exposed skin is cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) formed?
_____
Answer: Stratum basale
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/metabolism?ref=anki
Flashcard 6: Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by desmosomes between keratinocytes?
_____
Answer: Stratum spinosum
Extra: The stratum spinosum (prickle cell layer) contains numerous desmosomes that provide structural support and resistance to friction. These desmosomes appear as small "spines" or "prickles" between cells under light microscopy.
Flashcard 7: Which anterior pituitary hormones are basophilic on histological preparation?
_____
Answer: FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH
Extra:
Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/endocrine-system?index=21]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology?ref=anki
Flashcard 8: What cellular organelle is the site of synthesis/storage of melanin?
_____
Answer: Melanosomes
Extra:
Watch Malignant Melanoma [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-derm-malignant-melanoma?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/skin?index=5]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/skin-cancer/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 9: The innermost layer of the arterial wall is the _____, which consists of endothelial cells on a basement membrane
Answer: intima
Extra:
Watch Atherosclerosis Pathophysiology [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-vascular/videos/medical-pathophysiology-vascular-atherosclerosis-atherosclerosis-pathophysiology?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
Watch Large & Medium Vessel Vasculitides [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-vascular/videos/medical-pathophysiology-vascular-atherosclerosis-atherosclerosis-pathophysiology?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/cardiovascular-system?index=7]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/vascular/acquire?ref=anki
Atlas:
Flashcard 10: Sebaceous glands and meibomian glands are what type of exocrine gland?
_____
Answer: Holocrine
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/histology/videos/skin?index=8]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Secretory mechanisms of exocrine glands
There are three different secretory mechanisms in the exocrine glands.
(1) Exocytosis: Several vesicles, which detach from the Golgi apparatus, are transported to the cell membrane, to which they then attach, allowing the release of intravesicular contents (e.g. proteins, neurotransmitter) into the extracellular space.
(2) In apocrine secretion, the secretion (e.g. milk lipid droplets) is detached with part of the apical cytoplasm and the cell membrane. As a result, the gland cell becomes smaller.
(3) Holocrine secretion only occurs in sebaceous glands. The secretion is released by apoptosis of the gland cell. During the course of maturation, the cell continuously produces sebum. Cell organelles and the nucleus are degraded and the cell subsequently disintegrates, with its entire content forming part of the secretion.
Sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle
Photomicrograph of skin tissue (Azan stain; 600x magnification)
Sebaceous gland (green overlay) can be seen in the dermis. The gland consists of groups of ball-shaped sebocytes (1). Maturation and migration of sebocytes begin on the basement membrane (2). The arrector pili muscle (3) consists of several spindle-shaped, smooth muscle cells (leiomyocytes) that insert into the hair shaft. The contraction of leiomyocytes results in piloerection and leads to increased secretion of sebum from the glands.
Keywords: Histology flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
