Gynaecology — Flashcards

Flashcard 111: What is the treatment for menorrhagia in uterine fibroids if contraception is undesired? _____

Answer: NSAIDs + tranexamic acid

Flashcard 112: Most fibroids are _____, often discovered incidentally during exams or imaging

Answer: asymptomatic

Flashcard 113: What is the most common cervical cancer? _____

Answer: Squamous cell cancer (80%)

Flashcard 114: What is the _____ management of uterine fibroids? Answer: Hysterectomy

Answer: definitive

Extra: - **Definitive management:** Hysterectomy - **Fertility-sparing management:** Myomectomy - **Non-surgical options:** Uterine artery embolization (UAE), Medical management (GnRH analogues, NSAIDs, OCPs)

Flashcard 115: What is the gold standard investigation for the diagnosis of endometriosis?

Answer:

Extra: Laparoscopy allows direct visualization of lesions (e.g., powder-burn spots, chocolate cysts) and enables histological confirmation via biopsy. It is considered the gold standard for diagnosis.

Flashcard 116: The incidence of uterine fibroids increases with _____ and fibroids tend to shrink post-menopause

Answer: age

Flashcard 117: What is the most common presenting symptom in endometriosis?

Answer: Chronic pelvic pain / Secondary Dysmenorrhea

Extra: While dysmenorrhea is the most common specific symptom, chronic pelvic pain is the most frequent general presenting complaint. Infertility is another major presentation (found in ~30-50% of cases).

Flashcard 118: _____ is a chronic gynaecological condition characterised by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus

Answer: Endometriosis

Flashcard 119: What is the buzzword for cervical cancer? _____

Answer: Postcoital bleeding

Flashcard 120: HRT increases ↑ the risk of _____ & ovarian cancer :(

Answer: breast