Orthopaedics & MSK — Flashcards

Flashcard 601: Uveitis aetiology is split into: _____ Infectious = e.g. HSV, VZV, CMV; bacterial keratitis, scleritis, syphilis, lyme disease, TB Idiopathic = most common

Answer: Noninfectious = systemic autoimmune diseases, trauma, drug-induced

Flashcard 602: What is the typical presentation for anterior uveitis? _____

Answer: Painful red eye that is sensitive to light

Flashcard 603: What investigation is done for anterior uveitis? _____

Answer: Slit lamp biomicroscopy

Flashcard 604: What is the acute pharmacological management of Meniere's disease? _____ or antihistamine

Answer: Prochlorperazine

Extra: Acute management (vestibular suppressants): Prochlorperazine, Antihistamines (e.g., Cinnarizine, Cyclizine). Prophylaxis: Betahistine, lifestyle (low salt diet), or diuretics.

Flashcard 605: Glaucoma is characterized by raised _____ intraocular pressure, which causes optic nerve damage, leading to progressive peripheral visual field loss and optic disc cupping or pallor visible on ophthalmoscopy.

Answer: ↑

Flashcard 606: _____ is a chronic inflammatory condition of the eyelid margins

Answer: Blepharitis

Flashcard 607: _____ is an inflammatory condition affecting the uveal tract, which affects the iris, ciliary body, & choroid

Answer: Uveitis

Flashcard 608: What is the management for noninfectious uveitis?

Answer: Management of noninfectious uveitis involves Topical corticosteroids and Topical cycloplegics.

Extra: Topical corticosteroids (e.g., Prednisolone acetate) reduce inflammation, while cycloplegics (e.g., Cyclopentolate, Atropine) are used to prevent synechiae and reduce pain from ciliary spasm.

Flashcard 609: How does visual acuity change in anterior uveitis? _____

Answer: Worsens with severity and duration of inflammation

Flashcard 610: A patient presents with a recent history of sarcoidosis. They have redness around the cornea, which does not blanch on pressure. The redness is unilateral. Their iris in injected, and their pupil is small and irregular. The cornea itself appears normal. What is likely occurring? _____

Answer: Anterior uveitis