Orthopaedics & MSK UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Orthopaedics & MSK with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Orthopaedics & MSK Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 581:
Central retinal artery occlusion can also be caused by:
_____ causes (e.g. giant cell arteritis, SLE)
Hypercoagulable disorders
Retinal migraine (vasospasm) in younger patients
Answer: Inflammatory
Flashcard 582: _____ is an opthalmic emergency that is blockage of the blood flow in the central retinal artery causing painless vision loss
Answer: Central retinal artery occlusion
Flashcard 583: Systemic clinical exam for suspected **central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)**:
_____
Answer: **Eyes**: Fundoscopy (cherry red spot), Swinging light test (RAPD)
**Cardiac**: Carotid auscultation (bruits), Heart auscultation (murmurs), Radial pulse (AF screening)
**GCA**: History (jaw claudication, scalp tenderness), temporal artery palpation
Flashcard 584: Retinal detachment eventually results in monocular loss of vision like a(n) "_____"
Answer: curtain drawn down
Extra: Differential diagnosis for painless vision loss:
1. Retinal Detachment (Curtain description)
2. Amaurosis Fugax (Transient curtain)
3. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (Sudden, cherry red spot)
4. Vitreous Hemorrhage (Floaters, hazy view of fundus)
Flashcard 585: _____ is an inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by viral, or bacterial pathogens
Answer: Infective conjunctivitis
Flashcard 586: In central retinal artery occlusion swinging light test will show _____
Answer: complete or relative afferent pupillary defect
Flashcard 587: Some patients with central retinal artery occlusion may have macular sparing because of _____
Answer: the cilioretinal artery which may preserve central visual acuity
Flashcard 588: Acute management of central retinal artery occlusion within 90-100 minutes attempt an _____
Answer: ocular massage
Flashcard 589: The most common cause of central retinal artery occlusion in patients <40yrs is _____
Answer: cardiac emboli (AF, valvular disease, infective endocarditis, congenital heart disease)
Flashcard 590: Acute management of central retinal artery occlusion if suspected giant cell arteritis is _____
Answer: IV corticosteroids!
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