General Surgery — Flashcards

Flashcard 781: Leading cause of curable blindness worldwide: _____

Answer: Cataract

Flashcard 782: What is the management if you suspect a congenital cataract? _____

Answer: Immediate referral for prompt surgery & identification of underlying cause

Flashcard 783: The gold-standard investigation for diagnosing acute angle closure glaucoma is _____ (showing a closed iridocorneal angle).

Answer: gonioscopy

Flashcard 784: If primary open-angle glaucoma is suspected, the patient should be referred to an _____.

Answer: Ophthalmologist

Extra: Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is characterized by increased intraocular pressure (usually >21 mmHg), optic nerve cupping, and visual field defects. Definitive diagnosis and management require specialist evaluation with tonometry, gonioscopy, and perimetry.

Flashcard 785: _____ are a progressive clouding of the ocular lens

Answer: Cataracts

Flashcard 786: The primary cause of cataracts are _____

Answer: normal ageing process (more commonly in patients > 80 yrs)

Flashcard 787: Acute angle closure glaucoma risk factors: _____ Asian descent Hyperopia

Answer: Female

Flashcard 788: Extended _____ is a risk factor for cataracts

Answer: corticosteroids use

Flashcard 789: Cataracts can result from trauma e.g. _____/intraocular operation

Answer: bruise injury

Flashcard 790: Risk factors for cataracts: _____ Smoking Prolonged UV-B radiation (light) Long-term corticosteroids

Answer: Ageing