Rheumatology & Haematology — Flashcards

Flashcard 581: Folate is stored in the liver for up to _____ Vitamin B12 is stored in the liver for up to 3-4 years

Answer: 3-4 months

Flashcard 582: Folate deficiency blood smear will show _____ polymorphonuclear cells

Answer: hypersegmented

Flashcard 583: Rheumatoid arthritis more commonly affects _____ 3:1

Answer: women

Flashcard 584: Does folate deficiency present with neurological symptoms? _____

Answer: No, that is vitamin B12 deficiency

Flashcard 585: Rheumatoid arthritis involves a type _____ and type 4 hypersensitivity reaction.

Answer: 3

Extra: While primarily considered a Type III hypersensitivity reaction due to the formation of immune complexes (like Rheumatoid Factor-IgG complexes in the synovium), Type IV hypersensitivity (T-cell mediated) also plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Flashcard 586: Haemochromatosis age of onset is > _____ years when body iron levels reach > 20g

Answer: 40

Flashcard 587: Rheumatoid arthritis is _____ with activity

Answer: improved

Flashcard 588: Subcutaneous nodules over the extensor surfaces in a patient with joint pain of the hands = _____

Answer: Rheumatoid nodules (Rheumatoid Arthritis)

Extra: Rheumatoid nodules are firm, non-tender subcutaneous masses typically found on extensor surfaces (e.g., olecranon, finger joints, Achilles tendon). They are highly specific for Rheumatoid Arthritis and usually occur in patients who are Seropositive (RF+).

Flashcard 589: What investigation is needed to confirm hereditary haemochromatosis alongside iron studies? _____

Answer: Genetic testing for HFE mutation

Extra: Hereditary haemochromatosis (HH) is most commonly caused by a mutation in the HFE gene (C282Y homozygosity is the most common genotype). Genetic testing has largely replaced liver biopsy for the primary diagnosis of HH.

Flashcard 590: Haemochromatosis is often a(n) _____ finding as it is asymptomatic until a later stage

Answer: incidental