Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 631: A 14 year old is hit by a baseball bat on R head. He loses consciousness for a few minutes, but recovers promptly & continues to play. 1hr later he is found unconscious with a R fixed dilated pupil. What is the most likely diagnosis? _____

Answer: Acute extradural haematoma; R side

Flashcard 632: Analgesia may be prescribed as an _____ drug for PRN use in palliative care

Answer: anticipatory

Flashcard 633: Best initial test for suspected brain abscess: _____

Answer: Contrast-enhanced CT scan

Extra: Brain abscess classic appearance: Ring-enhancing lesion with central necrosis and surrounding vasogenic edema. \nNote: Lumbar puncture is generally contraindicated if a brain abscess is suspected due to the risk of herniation.

Flashcard 634: What symptom/clinical sign helps differentiate meningitis, encephalitis from brain abscesses? _____

Answer: Focal neurological deficits

Flashcard 635: Which cerebral artery supplies most of the lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere? _____

Answer: Middle cerebral artery

Flashcard 636: What are the main principles of management for brain abscess? _____ Surgical therapy → burr hole drainage / craniotomy if larger, multiloculated abscesses

Answer: Antibiotic therapy → initial then guided by cultures

Flashcard 637: What surgical mangement can be offered in severe essential tremor? _____ & thalamotomy for severe cases Botulinum toxin injections for head/neck tremors

Answer: Deep brain stimulation

Flashcard 638: Patients my refer to TIAs as "_____"

Answer: mini-strokes

Flashcard 639: Essential tremors are typically _____ tremors

Answer: action

Flashcard 640: Which cerebral artery supplies the language centers (Broca area, Wernicke area)? _____

Answer: Middle cerebral artery