Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 51: There may be a history of _____ in Guillian-Bare syndrome

Answer: gastroenteritis

Flashcard 52: LP findings in Guillain-Barre syndrome shows _____

Answer: raised protein with a normal white blood cell count

Flashcard 53: There may be cranial nerve involvement in Guillian-Bare causing _____ bilateral facial nerve palsy oropharyngeal weakness

Answer: diplopia

Flashcard 54: Horner's Syndrome in Lateral Medullary (Wallenburgs) presents with ipsilateral, _____

Answer: ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis

Flashcard 55: Sodium valproate works by _____

Answer: increasing GABA activity

Flashcard 56: _____ is a serious adverse effect of Sodium Valproate, characterised by elevated serum ammonia levels

Answer: Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy

Flashcard 57: Eye Opening (GCS) scores: 4 - _____ 3 - To Sound (Voice) 2 - To Pressure (Pain) 1 - None

Answer: Spontaneous

Extra: Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Summary: • Eye Opening (E): 1-4 • Verbal Response (V): 1-5 • Motor Response (M): 1-6 Total score: 3–15 (Score of 8 or less = Coma/Intubate)

Flashcard 58: First-line pharmacological treatments for neuropathic pain include _____ (e.g., Pregabalin), TCAs, and SNRIs.

Answer: Gabapentinoids

Extra: First-line agents: 1. Gabapentinoids (Gabapentin, Pregabalin) 2. TCAs (Amitriptyline, Nortriptyline) 3. SNRIs (Duloxetine, Venlafaxine) Note: Carbamazepine is first-line specifically for Trigeminal Neuralgia.

Flashcard 59: 2nd Line Antiplatelet therapy in TIA and Ischemic Stroke: _____

Answer: Aspirin (lifelong) & Dipyridamole (lifelong)

Extra: 1st line: Clopidogrel (75mg daily) 2nd line: Aspirin + MR Dipyridamole 3rd line: MR Dipyridamole alone (if aspirin is also contraindicated) Note: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with Aspirin and Clopidogrel is typically used short-term (21-90 days) in the acute phase of minor stroke/high-risk TIA before switching to monotherapy.

Flashcard 60: What Neurological Differentials could cause Falls? 2

Answer: • Stroke • Peripheral Neuropathy