Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 501: What is the initial step in management for suspected bacterial meningitis in a primary care setting? \n_____ (and administration of pre-hospital antibiotics if delayed)

Answer: Emergency transfer to hospital

Extra: In suspected meningococcal disease in the community, the UK NICE guidelines and other international protocols recommend immediate IM/IV Benzylpenicillin if there's a non-blanching rash and a delay in hospital admission, but the absolute first step is calling for an emergency ambulance.

Flashcard 502: _____ are most susceptible to viral meningitis caused by enteroviruses

Answer: Children

Flashcard 503: NORMAL findings in a non-contrast CT done < _____ hours of symptom onset for subarachnoid haemorrhage → consider alternative diagnosis

Answer: 6

Flashcard 504: _____ is an idiopathic neurological condition that causes upper and lower motor neuron signs

Answer: Motor neuron disease (MND)

Flashcard 505: What is the most dangerous complication of a subarachnoid hemorrhage? _____

Answer: Rebleeding

Flashcard 506: Nerve conduction studies for motor neuron disease are _____

Answer: normal (helps exclude neuropathy)

Flashcard 507: _____ haematoma is characterised by a(n) hyperdense lentiform (biconvex)-shaped collection of blood on CT

Answer: Extradural

Flashcard 508: What is the management for subdural haemorrhages? Small/incidental cases are managed _____ Large/symptomatic/↑ ICP/midline shift cases are managed surgically (burr hole or craniotomy & clot evacuation)

Answer: conservatively (control ICP)

Flashcard 509: What is the next step management of confirmed subarachnoid haemorrhage? _____

Answer: Refer to neurosurgery!!

Flashcard 510: _____ haemorrhage is characterised by a(n) crescent-shaped collection of blood on CT

Answer: Subdural