Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 441: Use _____ to aid decision making about management in herniated discs / sciatica

Answer: STarT back risk assessment tool

Flashcard 442: _____ meningitis CSF appears turbid

Answer: Bacterial

Flashcard 443: Initial antibiotics for meningococcal meningitis are _____ (3rd-gen cephalosporins).

Answer: ceftriaxone or cefotaxime

Extra: In clinical practice, Ceftriaxone or Cefotaxime are preferred for initial management. Benzylpenicillin is used for confirmed penicillin-sensitive Neisseria meningitidis or as a pre-hospital dose if meningitis is suspected and a hospital is distant.

Flashcard 444: The Cushing reflex is a triad of _____ due to increased intracranial pressure

Answer: hypertension, bradycardia, and respiratory depression

Flashcard 445: What is the diagnostic investigation of choice for viral meningitis?\n_____

Answer: Lumbar puncture (CSF analysis)

Flashcard 446: What is the diagnostic investigation for fungal meningitis? _____

Answer: LP → CSF findings

Flashcard 447: _____ meningitis is associated with CSF findings: lymphocyte predominance (or sometimes mixed) ↑ protein ↓ glucose

Answer: Fungal

Flashcard 448: What is the management for bacterial meningitis with non-blanching rash/septicaemia in primary care? _____

Answer: IM/IV ceftriaxone or benzylpenicillin at the earliest opportunity; do not delay emergency transfer to hospital though

Flashcard 449: The leading cause of raised ICP are _____

Answer: traumatic brain injuries (TBI)

Flashcard 450: Brain _____ of Cryptococcus infection appears as "soap-bubble" lesions in the basal ganglia of the brain

Answer: MRI