Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 371: What is the first-line prophylaxis of tension headache? _____

Answer: Low-dose amitriptyline

Extra: Prophylaxis for Tension-Type Headache (TTH): - 1st line: Amitriptyline (TCA) - 2nd line: Venlafaxine (SNRI) or Mirtazapine - 3rd line: Clomipramine, Maprotiline, or Mianserin

Flashcard 372: What is the pharmacological management of Bell's palsy? _____ if patient has presented within 72 hours (1)

Answer: Oral glucocorticoids (prednisolone)

Extra: Antivirals (e.g., Valacyclovir) may be added to glucocorticoids for patients with severe facial nerve paralysis (House-Brackmann grade IV or higher) at presentation.

Flashcard 373: For suspected cluster headaches, patients should be _____ to exclude structural causes and confirmed diagnosis

Answer: managed by neurologist/specialist

Flashcard 374: Migraines typically have a _____ character

Answer: pulsating/throbbing

Flashcard 375: _____ headache are often described as a(n) "tight band" around the head or a pressure sensation

Answer: Tension

Flashcard 376: Tension headaches are almost always _____.

Answer: bilateral

Extra: Tension-type headaches are typically bilateral and non-pulsatile ("band-like"). In contrast, migraines are often unilateral, and cluster headaches are strictly unilateral.

Flashcard 377: When a patient does suffer a cluster headache it lasts for _____-3hrs

Answer: 15min

Flashcard 378: Most patients with cluster headaches have _____ to rule out any underlying brain lesions

Answer: neuroimaging

Flashcard 379: _____ is characterised by migraine headaches accompanied by motor weakness during the preceding aura phase

Answer: Hemiplegic migraine

Flashcard 380: Cluster headaches may present with _____ syndrome

Answer: Horner