Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 311: A lesion in the **Meyer's loop** (temporal lobe) results in which visual field defect?\n\nAnswer: _____

Answer: Contralateral homonymous superior quadrantanopia

Extra: Mnemonic: **M**eyer's loop = **T**emporal lobe = **S**uperior defect (\"Pie in the sky\").\n**P**arietal lobe (Baum's loop) = **I**nferior defect (\"Pie on the floor\").

Flashcard 312: A lesion of the **right optic tract** results in what visual field defect? Answer: _____

Answer: Left contralateral homonymous hemianopia

Flashcard 313: Spot diagnosis = _____

Answer: asterixis

Flashcard 314: What clinical condition of the spinal cord is caused by Vitamin B12 deficiency?

Answer: Subacute Combined Degeneration (SCD)

Extra: Vitamin B12 deficiency leads to demyelination of the **Dorsal Columns** (loss of proprioception/vibration) and **Lateral Corticospinal Tracts** (spastic paresis).

Flashcard 315: The first neurological symptoms in vitamin B12 deficiency will be _____ in the lower limbs

Answer: peripheral neuropathy

Flashcard 316: Subacute combined degeneration (B12 deficiency) of the spinal cord affects the _____, spinocerebellar tracts, & lateral corticospinal tracts

Answer: dorsal columns

Flashcard 317: Vitamin B12 deficiency initially presents as lower extremity _____ with no other neurologic findings

Answer: paresthesias

Flashcard 318: Peripheral neuropathy and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in vitamin B12 deficiency presents _____

Answer: symmetrically

Extra: Subacute Combined Degeneration (SCD) involves the dorsal columns (loss of vibration/proprioception) and lateral corticospinal tracts (spastic paresis). Because it is a systemic metabolic deficiency, the presentation is characteristically symmetrical.

Flashcard 319: Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause neuropsychiatric disease such as _____ dementia

Answer: reversible

Flashcard 320: Vitamin B12 deficiency presents with _____ and subacute combined degeneration (neurologic symptoms)

Answer: peripheral neuropathy