Neurology — Flashcards

Flashcard 221: _____ should be ruled out before diagnosing a relapse of multiple sclerosis

Answer: Infection

Flashcard 222: Guillain-Barré syndrome typically causes _____ paraesthesia and weakness

Answer: ascending

Extra: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) characterized by symmetric ascending paralysis and hyporeflexia. Multiple sclerosis, by contrast, typically presents with CNS-related deficits like optic neuritis or internuclear ophthalmoplegia.

Flashcard 223: _____ sign is paraesthesia/shooting sensation down the spine upon neck flexion and is seen in demyelinating diseases

Answer: Lhermitte's

Flashcard 224: Multiple sclerosis may present with _____ due to internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO).

Answer: double vision

Flashcard 225: Multiple sclerosis patients experiencing _____ may be prescribed gabapentin or memantine

Answer: oscillopsia

Flashcard 226: Multiple sclerosis may present with _____ difficulties if there is a lesion in the cerebellum

Answer: balance/gait

Flashcard 227: _____ is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes demyelination of the CNS and axonal degeneration thought to be caused by auto-reactive T-lymphocytes

Answer: Multiple sclerosis

Flashcard 228: CFS/ME most commonly affects _____ between 30-50 years old

Answer: females

Flashcard 229: _____ is the most common presentation of multiple sclerosis and is typically UNIlateral

Answer: Optic neuritis

Flashcard 230: _____ may be used in addition to MRI for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

Answer: CSF electrophoresis