Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 541: LFTs for hepatitis A will show: _____ ALT & AST Normal or ↑ bilirubin Normal or ↑ PT

Answer: Significantly ↑

Flashcard 542: Approximately _____% of infants born to HBeAg positive mothers will develop chronic hepatitis B if no immunoprophylaxis is given.

Answer: 90

Extra: Chronic Hepatitis B infection risk by age of acquisition: - Neonates (vertical transmission): ~90% risk of chronicity. - Children (1-5 years): 30-50% risk. - Adults: <5-10% risk (most adults clear the virus successfully).

Flashcard 543: What is the management of recurrent C. diff within _____? Stop current ABX if possible & Oral fidaxomicin

Answer: 12 weeks

Extra: According to IDSA/SHEA guidelines, the first recurrence of C. diff (within 8-12 weeks) is ideally managed with Fidaxomicin (200 mg BID for 10 days) if Vancomycin was used for the initial episode. If Fidaxomicin was used initially, Vancomycin in a tapered/pulsed regimen is an alternative.

Flashcard 544: Historically, it was thought that _____ was responsible for causing C. diff infections Currently the no. 1 cause of C. diff infections is 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins

Answer: Clindamycin

Flashcard 545: C. diff will usually present with _____ and abdominal pain

Answer: diarrhoea

Flashcard 546: People who have had a C. diff infection should stay away from work or school until they have been diarrhoea free for _____

Answer: 48 hrs

Flashcard 547: What is the diagnostic test for C. diff infection? _____

Answer: C. diff toxin stool test

Flashcard 548: C. diff is a gram-_____

Answer: positive rod

Flashcard 549: Diarrhoea due to C. diff infection should resolve within _____ weeks

Answer: 1-2

Flashcard 550: What is the management of recurrent C. diff after _____? Stop current ABX if possible & Oral vancomycin OR fidaxomicin

Answer: 12 weeks