Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 331: What is the definitive management for acute liver failure? _____

Answer: Liver transplant

Flashcard 332: Clinical sign = _____

Answer: Palmar erythema

Extra: Palmar erythema is a clinical sign seen in **Chronic Liver Disease (Cirrhosis)**. It is thought to be caused by **hyperestrogenism**, which leads to local vasodilation. Other similar signs include spider naevi.

Flashcard 333: Post-abdominal surgery and absent bowel sounds / flatus, X-ray shows dilated gas-filled loops with no transition point: _____

Answer: Paralytic ileus

Flashcard 334: On examination for paralytic ileus there is _____ due to gas accumulation

Answer: abdominal distension

Flashcard 335: _____ cirrhosis describes the initial asymptomatic phase where the liver function is preserved

Answer: Compensated

Flashcard 336: Coagulation profile for acute liver failure will show INR > _____

Answer: 1.5

Flashcard 337: AST & ALT are ↑ in cirrhosis: ALT _____ AST in early cirrhosis ALT < AST in advanced cirrhosis or alcoholic cirrhosis

Answer: >

Flashcard 338: What is the mainstay management of uncomplicated paralytic ileus? _____

Answer: Conservative: bowel rest (NBM) & fluids

Flashcard 339: What is the investigation for peptic ulcers? _____

Answer: Carbon-13 urea breath test or stool antigen test

Flashcard 340: What is the main finding on LFTs for acute liver failure? _____

Answer: Markedly ↑↑ transaminases