Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 201: The most common fungal organism implicated in peritonitis is _____ in tertiary / immunocomprimised patients

Answer: Candida spp.

Flashcard 202: A Japanese patient with epigastric pain, weight loss, ↓ appetitie, & iron deficiency anaemia, what is the most likely diagnosis? _____

Answer: Gastric cancer

Flashcard 203: The most common bacteria implicated in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) is _____

Answer: Escherichia coli

Extra: The top two organisms causing SBP are: 1. E. coli (Most common) 2. Klebsiella pneumoniae

Flashcard 204: Offer an urgent upper GI _____ to assess for gastric cancer in patients with dysphagia or ≥ 55 years old with weight loss and upper abdominal pain, reflux, or dyspepsia

Answer: endoscopy

Flashcard 205: What is the management for a peritonitic abdomen? _____ Surgical intervetion → typically urgent explorative laparotomy

Answer: Empirical antibiotics (e.g. piperacillin & tazobactam)

Flashcard 206: What is the management for HER2+ve metastatic gastric cancer?

Answer: Trastuzumab (Herceptin) is added to the standard chemotherapy regimen (Fluoropyrimidine and Cisplatin) for HER2+ advanced or metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Flashcard 207: Chemotherapy / radiotherapy in gastric cancer can be used in a _____, adjuvant, & palliative setting

Answer: neoadjuvant

Flashcard 208: The strongest risk factor for gastric cancer is _____

Answer: Helicobacter pylori infection

Flashcard 209: Management for resectable/localized gastric cancer is _____.

Answer: Surgical resection

Flashcard 210: A diet with ↑ _____ increases the carcinogenic effects of Helicobacter pylori

Answer: salts