Endocrinology & Diabetes — Flashcards

HHS presents with similar features to DKA however, the signs of _____ will be much more prominent

Unlike DKA, in HHS the pancreas still produces small amounts of insulin which is sufficient to prevent _____ by supressing lipolysis

_____ is the first manifestation of T1DM in 25-50% of cases

In T1DM patients with a BMI ≥_____, metformin may be added to insulin therapy to limit weight gain and reduce insulin requirements.

Fluid resuscitation management of DKA should consist of _____ followed by the addition of 5% dextrose once blood glucose is <14 mmol/L (250 mg/dL)

Hint: what fluid?

During sick day rules for T1DM, patients should check blood glucose _____ including through the night

DKA is caused by lack of _____. This may be due to treatment failure (e.g non-adherence) or increased demand (e.g. infection, MI, surgery)

HHS patients should have postassium repletion if serum potassium is <_____ mmol/hr at a rate of 40 mmol/L. If serum potassium is <3.5, the patient requires a senior review, as higher levels of potassium are required

_____ should be suspected in adults with hyperglycaemia (>11 mmol/L) and ketosis, weight loss, BMI <25 or history of autoimmune disease

Severe dehydration in HHS may cause the blood to become _____ increasing the risk of MI, stroke, peripheral arterial occlusion etc. Therefore all patients should be treated with prophylactic LMWH

Hint: haematological