Endocrinology & Diabetes — Flashcards

_____ should be measured hourly for the first 6 hours during treatment of HHS to avoid sudden osmotic shifts (e.g. cerebral oedema or central pontine demyelination)

Hint: Investigation

Fluid resuscitation for HHS should consist of _____ given at a rate of 0.5-1L/hour

Capillary blood glucose and urinalysis _____ be use to make a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus

Hint: should/not

HHS typically affects _____ with type 2 diabetes

Hint: demographic

T1DM is associated with the genetic variants _____ and HLA-DR4

DKA is caused by lack of _____. This may be due to treatment failure (e.g non-adherence) or increased demand (e.g. infection, MI, surgery)

HHS patients should have postassium repletion if serum potassium is <_____ mmol/hr at a rate of 40 mmol/L. If serum potassium is <3.5, the patient requires a senior review, as higher levels of potassium are required

DKA may cause _____ breathing that smells like pear-drops

Unlike DKA, in HHS the pancreas still produces small amounts of insulin which is sufficient to prevent _____ by supressing lipolysis

_____ should be suspected in adults with hyperglycaemia (>11 mmol/L) and ketosis, weight loss, BMI <25 or history of autoimmune disease