Endocrinology & Diabetes UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Endocrinology & Diabetes with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Endocrinology & Diabetes Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 391: Stress in patients with adrenal insufficiency can cause _____
Answer: addisonian crises
Flashcard 392: What complication of bacterial septicemia can cause addisonian crises?
_____
Answer: Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
Flashcard 393: What is the 1st line investigation for suspected adrenal insufficiency in primary care?
_____
Answer: 9am serum cortisol
Flashcard 394: IV/IM Hydrocortisone given for addisonian crisis may be switched to oral replacement after _____ hours (AND haemodynamically stable)
Answer: 24
Flashcard 395: _____cortisone is not required in the management of addisonian crisis because hydrocortisone exerts weak mineralocorticoid action
Answer: Fludro
Flashcard 396: Hyperpigmentation in Addison's disease occurs particularly on the _____
Answer: palmar creases
Flashcard 397: Patients with secondary/tertiary adrenal insufficiency _____ experience an increase in serum cortisol 30 minutes after being given 250ug Synacthen IM.
Answer: will not
Extra: In secondary or tertiary adrenal insufficiency, the lack of chronic ACTH stimulation leads to adrenal cortical atrophy. Consequently, the glands cannot respond acutely to exogenous ACTH (Synacthen).
Note: In very early/acute secondary AI (e.g., within days of a pituitary insult), the adrenals might still respond, but for exam purposes, they are expected to fail the stim test.
Flashcard 398: Patients with Addison's disease should take their largest dose of _____ in the first half of the day
Answer: hydrocortisone
Extra: This dosing schedule mimics the natural diurnal rhythm of cortisol secretion, which is highest in the early morning and lowest at night. A typical split is 2/3 of the dose in the morning and 1/3 in the late afternoon.
Flashcard 399: The most common congenital cause of Addison's disease is _____
Answer: congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Flashcard 400: _____ replacement is not required in the management of secondary/tertiary adrenal insufficiency because aldosterone production is maintained by the Renin-Angiotensin System
Answer: Mineralocorticoid
Extra: In secondary/tertiary adrenal insufficiency, the defect is in ACTH production. While cortisol (Glucocorticoid) depends on ACTH, aldosterone (Mineralocorticoid) is primarily regulated by the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and potassium levels, which remain intact.
Keywords: Endocrinology & Diabetes flashcards, medical flashcards, NEET PG preparation, USMLE Step 1 flashcards, Anki alternative, spaced repetition medical, OnCourse flashcards
