Endocrinology & Diabetes — Flashcards

Flashcard 351: Osteomalacia/Rickets can be caused by direct inhibition of _____ due to chronic use of bisphosphonates

Answer: bone mineralisation

Flashcard 352: What class of drugs most commonly causes osteomalacia? _____

Answer: Anticonvulsants

Flashcard 353: Hashimoto's thyroiditis presents with a _____ goitre

Answer: diffuse, firm, non-tender

Flashcard 354: The goitre associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis is _____

Answer: painless

Flashcard 355: Rickets can present with _____ at the costochondral junction

Answer: rachitic rosary

Flashcard 356: Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (De Quervain's) is a self-limiting disease that often occurs following _____

Answer: viral infection

Flashcard 357: Osteomalacia and Rickets are characterised by: _____ calcium ↓ phosphate ↑ PTH ↑ ALP

Answer: ↓

Extra: In Osteomalacia and Rickets (Vitamin D deficiency): - **Calcium:** Low (due to decreased absorption). - **Phosphate:** Low (Vitamin D deficiency reduces absorption; secondary hyperparathyroidism increases renal excretion). - **PTH:** High (Secondary hyperparathyroidism in response to low calcium). - **ALP:** High (Increased osteoblast activity attempting to mineralize bone).

Flashcard 358: Following diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism, patients may require _____ dietary supplements

Answer: vitamin D

Flashcard 359: Hashimoto's thyroiditis initially presents with transient _____thyroidism followed by hypothyroidism

Answer: hyper

Flashcard 360: Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (De Quervain's) is associated with a _____ goitre

Answer: very-tender