Endocrinology & Diabetes — Flashcards

Flashcard 161: _____ is a treatment regime used for chronic hyperthyroidism that involves titrating anti-thyroid drugs to the lowest possible dose while maintaining euthyroidism. This is done by regularly measuring free T4

Answer: Titration

Flashcard 162: Anti-thyroid drugs are typically only used in conditions causing _____ hyperthyroidism

Answer: chronic

Flashcard 163: _____ pituitary adenomas present with symptoms of mass effect

Answer: Non-functional

Flashcard 164: What is the first line symptomatic management of hyperthyroidism in asthmatic patients? _____

Answer: CCBs (e.g. verapamil or diltiazem)

Flashcard 165: _____ tumors may invade the cavernous sinus, leading to opthalmoplegia (presents with double vision/squint)

Answer: Pituitary

Flashcard 166: _____ may be used to induce remission in patients with Grave's disease. This typically takes 12-18 months

Answer: Anti-thyroid drugs

Flashcard 167: Headaches associated with pituitary adenomas are usually worse _____

Answer: on waking

Flashcard 168: _____ is used in the management of thyroid storms to treat hyperadrenergic symptoms

Answer: Propranolol

Extra: Propranolol is preferred in thyroid storm because it not only treats hyperadrenergic symptoms (tachycardia, tremor) but also inhibits the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 at high doses.

Flashcard 169: _____ may be used to investigate for bitemporal hemianopia in patients with pituitary tumours

Answer: Formal visual field testing (e.g. perimetry)

Flashcard 170: Pituitary adenomas can be _____ or non-functional (non-secretory)

Answer: functional (secretory)