Cardiology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Cardiology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Cardiology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 301: What is a major complication of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?
_____
Answer: Sudden death from ventricular arrhythmias
Flashcard 302: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is due to an abnormally fast accessory conduction pathway from the atria to ventricle via the bundle of _____, which bypasses the slower AV node
Answer: Kent
Flashcard 303: What is the diagnostic investigation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?
_____
Answer: Echocardiogram
Flashcard 304: Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome may result in re-entry circuit, causing supraventricular _____
Answer: tachycardia
Flashcard 305: _____ syndrome is a genetic disorder that allows abnormal conduction to occur in the heart, via an accessory pathway
Answer: Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW)
Flashcard 306: What is the initial investigation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?
_____
Answer: ECG
Flashcard 307: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy on ECG shows _____
Answer: left ventricular hypertrophy
Flashcard 308: What is the medical management of choice for symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM)?
Answer: Beta-blockers (first-line), Verapamil (non-dihydropyridine CCBs), and Disopyramide. Avoid vasodilators and diuretics. Surgical options include septal myectomy or alcohol septal ablation.
Extra: Management of HOCM focuses on improving diastolic filling and reducing the outflow gradient.
1. **Beta-blockers:** Prolong diastole and decrease contractility.
2. **Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil):** Used if BBs are not tolerated.
3. **Avoid:** Nitrates, ACE inhibitors, Diuretics, and Digoxin (they worsen the obstruction by decreasing preload or increasing contractility).
4. **Septal Reduction:** For severe symptoms refractory to medical therapy.
Flashcard 309: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy ejection systolic murmur _____ with squatting
Answer: decreases
Extra: Mechanism: Squatting increases both preload (venous return) and afterload (systemic vascular resistance). The increased left ventricular volume pushes the asymmetric septum away from the mitral valve, reducing the outflow obstruction and softening the murmur.
Flashcard 310: What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young people & athletes?
_____
Answer: Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
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