Acute Medical Presentations — Flashcards

Flashcard 221: Adrenaline should be injected in the _____ for anaphylaxis

Answer: anterolateral aspect of the middle third of the thigh

Flashcard 222: What is the concentration and dose of adrenaline given for anaphylaxis in _____? 150 micrograms of 1 in 1000 (0.15ml)

Answer: children 6 months-6 years

Flashcard 223: A _____ may be done in anaphylaxis to determine if the patient is having a true episode of anaphylaxis

Answer: mast cell tryptase blood test

Flashcard 224: In anaphylaxis, the dose of IM adrenaline for _____ is 300 micrograms (0.3 mL) of 1:1000.

Answer: children aged 6–12 years

Extra: IM adrenaline (1:1000) doses for anaphylaxis: - < 6 months: 100-150mcg (0.1-0.15mL) - 6 months to 6 years: 150mcg (0.15mL) - 6-12 years: 300mcg (0.3mL) - > 12 years (and adults): 500mcg (0.5mL) or 300mcg if small/pre-pubertal.

Flashcard 225: _____ anaphylaxis is defined as no improvement in respiratory or cardiovascular symptoms despite 2 doses of IM adrenaline

Answer: Refractory

Flashcard 226: Persistent skin symptoms (urticaria, angioedema) in anaphylaxis may be managed with _____ following initial stabilisation

Answer: non-sedating oral antihistamines

Flashcard 227: Patients with refractory anaphylaxis should be given _____ every 5 minutes until a(n) adrenaline infusion is started

Answer: IM adrenaline

Flashcard 228: What volume of crystalloid fluid should be given as a bolus in anaphylaxis? Adult: _____ Child: 10ml/kg

Answer: 500-1000ml

Flashcard 229: Anaphylaxis should be recognised if there is _____-onset and rapid progression of symptoms affecting the airway and/or breathing and/or circulation with or without skin/mucosal changes

Answer: sudden

Flashcard 230: What is the management of anaphylaxis (after calling resus/ambulance)? Immediate: _____ then establish airway & high flow oxygen No response after 5 mins: repeat IM adrenaline and IV fluid bolus

Answer: IM adrenaline