Urology Indian Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Urology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Urology Flashcard Deck - 117 Cards
Flashcard 1: The following instrument is a _____ used in the rx of Peyronie's disease
Answer: penile extender
Flashcard 2: _____ Catheter is a self retaining Urinary Catheter with umbrella or flower tip.
Answer: Malecot
Flashcard 3: The following uroflow pattern may be seen in a case of _____
Answer: Urethral stricture
Flashcard 4: The image shows a _____ incision.
Answer: Gibson
Flashcard 5: Approaches of prostatectomy are as follows: No answer _____
Answer: :)
Flashcard 6: In _____ cystitis, cystoscopy shows fissures and punctate hemorrhages in the bladder mucosa
Answer: Interstitial
Flashcard 7: Markedly contracted bladder wall with reduced capacity is called _____, and seen in genitourinary TB
Answer: thimble bladder
Flashcard 8: Stones that are difficult to disintegrate by ESWL include _____, brushite, and calcium oxalate monohydrate stones.
Answer: cystine
Flashcard 9: If the PSA is found elevated (in a hard feeling prostate) and cancer is suspected, the next step would be to do a _____ followed by biopsy
Answer: MRI
Flashcard 10: PCNL is indicated in the following condition:_____ renal stones like cystine stone, calcium oxalate stone.
Answer: Hard
Flashcard 11: Screening for prostatic adenocarcinoma begins at 50 with _____ and PSA
Answer: digital rectal exam
Flashcard 12: _____ syndrome, also called as non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder, is a disorder involving failure of the external sphincter to relax during voiding
Answer: Hinman
Flashcard 13: The two absolute indications for BPH surgery are: bladder _____ with overflow incontinence and Hydronephrosis
Answer: decompensation
Flashcard 14: _____ disease is the abnormal curvature of the penis due to fibrous plaque within the tunica albuginea
Answer: Peyronie
Flashcard 15: _____ is due to accumulation of fluid within the tunica vaginalis surrounding the testis
Answer: Hydrocele
Flashcard 16: _____ and calcium oxalate monohydrate stone is relatively resistant to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
Answer: Cysteine
Flashcard 17: On aspiration, a _____ fluid has a barley water appearance
Answer: spermatocele
Flashcard 18: On aspiration, a _____ fluid has a crystal clear appearance
Answer: epididymal cyst
Flashcard 19: _____ is the treatment of choice for multiple renal stones of diameter >10 mm
Answer: PCNL
Flashcard 20: A patient of varicocele will have a _____ in the number of spermatozoa with decreased motility
Answer: decrease
Flashcard 21: In Prostatectomy, _____ approach also known as the transvesical approach
Answer: Freyer's
Flashcard 22: _____ is a painful sustained erection lasting >4 hours
Answer: Ischemic priapism
Flashcard 23: The _____ is used as a surgical landmark for urethral sphincter during TURP
Answer: verumontanum
Flashcard 24: Because PSA can be also elevated in _____ and prostatitis besides Prostate Cancer, there is a questional risk/benefit for screening
Answer: BPH
Flashcard 25: _____ is the treatment of choice for large renal stones of diameter ranging from 21 mm to 30 mm.
Answer: PCNL
Flashcard 26: _____ presents as scrotal swelling with a palpable "bag of worms" while standing
Answer: Varicocele
Flashcard 27: The congenital penile abnormality _____ is associated with exstrophy of the bladder
Answer: epispadias
Flashcard 28: In Prostatectomy, _____ approach also known as the retropubic approach
Answer: Millin's
Flashcard 29: _____ is the treatment of choice for proximal ureteral stones of diameter >10 mm
Answer: PCNL
Flashcard 30: _____ stone is a type of renal stone that is protein rich and associated with recurrent infections
Answer: Matrix
Flashcard 31: What are the top two places renal cell carcinoma typically metastasizes to?1st - _____2nd - Bone
Answer: Lung
Flashcard 32: In Prostatectomy, _____ approach also known as the transperineal approach
Answer: Young's
Flashcard 33: Renal oncocytoma presents with painless _____, flank pain, and an abdominal mass
Answer: hematuria
Flashcard 34: Are testicular tumors biopsied? Why or why not?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 35: Trauma to the testes, with concurrent illnesses that diminish the host defense, especially _____, and alcoholism, predispose patients to the development of Fournier's gangrene
Answer: diabetes mellitus
Flashcard 36: Over-activity of plasmin may occur due to activation by _____, which is released following radical prostastectomy
Answer: urokinase
Flashcard 37: Duplex collecting system is strongly associated with vesicoureteral _____ and/or ureteral obstruction
Answer: reflux
Flashcard 38: _____ commonly presents in 12-18 year olds with sudden testicular pain, high-riding testis, and absent cremasteric reflex
Answer: Testicular torsion
Flashcard 39: If one can feel the testis separate from the scrotal swelling then the swelling maybe a cyst of the _____ or spermatocele
Answer: epididymis
Flashcard 40: PCNL is indicated in the following condition:If the patient has _____ like pelviureteric obstruction, calyceal diverticula, distal ureteral obstruction
Answer: anatomical obstruction
Flashcard 41: _____ repair is done for stress urinary incontinence includes apposing medial fibres of puborectalis muscles in the midline under the bladder neck region to elevate it via a vaginal approach.
Answer: Pacey's
Flashcard 42: In patients with BPH, a specialized catheter called _____ may be placed for rx of acute urinary retention
Answer: coude catheter
Flashcard 43: Cystoscopy shows fissures and punctate hemorrhages in the bladder mucosa, also known as _____, in interstitial cystitis
Answer: glomerulations
Flashcard 44: If a prostate is found enlarged on USG and BPH is suspected, the next step would be to do a _____ to grade the severity of obstruction
Answer: uroflometry
Flashcard 45: Stone fragments collecting in the distal ureter following ESWL are called _____.
Answer: steinstrasse
Flashcard 46: In acute urinary retention due to a stricture, it is dilated with cystoscope, guide wires and urethral dilators and a _____ catheter is inserted
Answer: counsel tip
Flashcard 47: For a _____ AUA IPSS score, a wait and approach is recommeded
Answer: mild
Flashcard 48: _____ stones are resistant to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)
Answer: Cystine
Flashcard 49: In acute urinary retention due to hematuria, a large _____ catheter with an additional port for fluid inflow is inserted
Answer: three way
Flashcard 50: On cystometry, a voiding pressure of _____ cm H2O is suggestive of obstruction
Answer: >80
Flashcard 51: ESWL is contraindicated in obese, pregnant and patients taking _____
Answer: oral anticoagulants
Flashcard 52: Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is up to 99% effective for the detection of stones having diameters of up to _____
Answer: 20 mm.
Flashcard 53: AUA IPSS score is done for grading symptoms of _____
Answer: benign prostatic hyperplasia
Flashcard 54: Which study is helpful to assess the difference between low Qmax secondary to either obstruction or a neurogenic bladder?_____
Answer: Cystometrogram
Flashcard 55: A foley's tube with a _____ coloured ring has size 22FR/CH
Answer: violet
Flashcard 56: Spermatocele is a _____locular scrotal swelling
Answer: uni
Flashcard 57: _____ Catheter is a self retaining Urinary Catheter with umbrella or flower tip.
Answer: Malecot
Flashcard 58: Is volume of residual urine an indication for surgery?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 59: In Prostatectomy, _____ approach is the most commonly used approach
Answer: Transurethral
Flashcard 60: _____ foleys is used for irrigation and helps in preventing clot retention following surgeries like TURP
Answer: Three way
Flashcard 61: What is the treatment of choice for Bosniak 4?_____
Answer: Partial or total nephrectomy
Flashcard 62: A foley's tube with a _____ coloured ring has size 10FR/CH
Answer: black
Flashcard 63: Is size of the prostate an indication for surgery?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 64: Peyronie's disease causes the penis to bend, usually _____ the side of the plaque.
Answer: towards
Flashcard 65: PCNL is indicated in the following condition:If the renal stone is _____ stone as it is associated with urinary tract infection.
Answer: struvite
Flashcard 66: A foley's tube with a _____ coloured ring has size 14FR/CH
Answer: green
Flashcard 67: A stone size of more than _____ cm necessitates percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Answer: 2
Flashcard 68: ECWL is done until the renal stone size of less than _____.
Answer: 1.5cm
Flashcard 69: Spread of RCC to supra-diaphragmatic IVC or invading its wall classifies it as T_____
Answer: 3c
Flashcard 70: _____ aneurysm is NOT a contraindication for extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL).
Answer: Saccular
Flashcard 71: Does spermatocele transilluminate?_____
Answer: Yes
Flashcard 72: Spread of RCC to infra-diaphragmatic IVC classifies it as T_____
Answer: 3b
Flashcard 73: A foley's tube with a _____ coloured ring has size 12FR/CH
Answer: white
Flashcard 74: For tumors less than or equal to _____ cm in size and limited to the kidney (T1a), partial nephrectomy is performed.
Answer: 4
Flashcard 75: _____ may be needed to differentiate between the abdominal testis and a truly absent testis (in a case of undescended testes)
Answer: Laparoscopy
Flashcard 76: The following instrument is a _____ used in the rx of Peyronie's disease
Answer: penile extender
Flashcard 77: If on laparoscopy, in a case of unilateral non-palpable testes blind ending vessels are seen, a diagnosis of _____ is made*next step?
Answer: monorchia
Flashcard 78: _____ should be considered if the incompletely descended testis is atrophic, particularly in the postpubertal boy if the other testis is normal
Answer: Orchidectomy
Flashcard 79: Is heminephrectomy indicated in horseshoe kidney?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 80: Dietl's crisis is associated with _____.
Answer: hydronephrosis
Flashcard 81: Grade _____ renal injury includes perirenal, nonexpanding hematoma, confined to retroperitoneum
Answer: II
Flashcard 82: _____ is performed for tumors less than 4 cm in size, tumours restricted to the poles of the kidney, and also for bilateral Wilms tumor
Answer: Partial nephrectomy
Flashcard 83: In a patient with high suspicion of testicular tumor based on symptoms, the next best step would be to do a _____
Answer: high inguinal orchidectomy
Flashcard 84: Is the adrenal gland routinely removed in RCC?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 85: Does epididymal cyst transilluminate?_____
Answer: Yes
Flashcard 86: The next step in the surgical management of the patient found to have a hematoma around the kidney, intraoperatively, will be a _____
Answer: single-shot intravenous pyelography (IVP).
Flashcard 87: Epididymal cyst is a _____locular scrotal swelling
Answer: multi
Flashcard 88: French size divided by 3 will give the outer _____ of the catheter
Answer: diameter
Flashcard 89: In Fournier's gangrene, the testis is usually _____
Answer: spared (affected/spared)
Flashcard 90: _____ Sign is used to differentiate the torsion of testes from acute epididymo orchitis
Answer: Prehn s
Flashcard 91: _____ is present at the epididymal head
Answer: Spermatocele (Spermatocele/Epididymal cyst)
Flashcard 92: Laser ablation of benign prostatic hyperplasia, lithotripsy or urethral stricture is done using a _____ laser
Answer: Holmium YAG
Flashcard 93: What is the treatment of choice for Bosniak 3?_____
Answer: Partial nephrectomy or radiofrequency ablation
Flashcard 94: Spasm of the cremaster muscle and the twisting of the cord cause the affected testis to be positioned higher, is known as _____ sign
Answer: Deming's
Flashcard 95: The testis on the opposite side of the torsioned testis lies horizontally because of the bilaterality of the mesorchium between the testis and epididymis., is known as _____ sign
Answer: Angell's
Flashcard 96: Is tissue diagnosis a pre-requisite for treatment of a testicular tumor?_____
Answer: No
Flashcard 97: Cough impulse is _____ seen in primary hydrocele.
Answer: not
Flashcard 98: In nonpalpable testis cases, laparoscopically encountering a blind-ending vas deferens and testicular vessels prior to entering the internal ring is sufficient to diagnose a _____
Answer: vanishing testis
Flashcard 99: Stage _____ in renal cell carcinoma is characterized by a tumor grossly extending into the inferior vena cava
Answer: T3
Flashcard 100: Most useful test in Vesico-Vaginal Fistula is _____.
Answer: Cystoscopy
Flashcard 101: The most common surgical procedure used in Peyronies disease is the _____
Answer: Nesbitt procedure
Flashcard 102: Renal calculi of size less than or equal to _____ cm can be treated expectantly, as they are likely to pass spontaneously
Answer: 0.5
Flashcard 103: The following uroflow pattern may be seen in a case of _____
Answer: Urethral stricture
Flashcard 104: The preferred irrigating fluid for _____-TURP and _____-TURP are 1.5% isotonic glycine, and Normal saline respectively.
Answer: M; B
Flashcard 105: In Fournier's gangrene, the _____ are spared due to the intra-abdominal origin of their blood supply
Answer: testes
Flashcard 106: Orchidectomy via _____ approach is done for the treatment of a Non seminomatous Germ cell tumor of testis
Answer: inguinal
Flashcard 107: Both the affected and the contra-lateral testes are fixed to the scrotum using _____absorbable sutures if testis is viable after torsion.
Answer: non-
Flashcard 108: The most appropriate time for orchidopexy is between _____ months of age.
Answer: 6 to 18
Flashcard 109: In renal tuberculosis, _____ management is necessary for management of complications
Answer: Surgical
Flashcard 110: For _____ men, _____ treatment is done for stage T1a prostatic carcinoma.
Answer: older::younger/older; conservative
Flashcard 111: _____ hematoma is the typical finding seen in the bulbar urethral injury.
Answer: Butterfly perineal
Flashcard 112: In penile carcinoma, total amputation of the penis is done if the stump is _____cm.
Answer: 2
Flashcard 113: Orchidectomy should preferably be performed _____ pubertal maturation in a patient with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
Answer: after
Flashcard 114: In TRUS-guided biopsy of the prostate, standard biopsy template involves _____ core biopsies.
Answer: 12
Flashcard 115: Most important diagnostic investigation for a patient with bladder cancer is _____
Answer: cystourethroscopy
Flashcard 116: _____ is performed if foley's catheter cannot be inserted in a patient and stricture suspected.
Answer: Cystoscopy
Flashcard 117: If manual reduction of the skin is unsuccessful, a _____ procedure should be performed in paraphimosis
Answer: dorsal slit
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