Pediatric Radiology — Flashcards

Flashcard 21: Investigation of choice in evaluation of posterior urethral valve is _____

Answer: MCU

Flashcard 22: What is a pathognomonic metaphyseal lesion seen in child abuse (Non-Accidental Injury) on X-ray? Metaphyseal _____ fracture

Answer: Bucket-handle (or Corner fracture)

Extra: The Classic Metaphyseal Lesion (CML) is pathognomonic for child abuse (Non-Accidental Injury). It involves a planar fracture through the primary spongiosa of the metaphysis. - **Corner fracture:** Seen when the fragment is viewed in profile. - **Bucket-handle fracture:** Seen when the disk-like fragment is tilted or viewed en face. Note: While John Caffey originally described these findings, the term "Caffey's syndrome" is now more commonly associated with Infantile Cortical Hyperostosis, a differential diagnosis for child abuse. To avoid confusion, it is better to use 'Child Abuse' or 'NAI'.

Flashcard 23: What is a pathognomonic skeletal feature of child abuse on X-ray?

Answer: Sub-epiphyseal micro-fracture (Classic Metaphyseal Lesion)

Extra: The Classic Metaphyseal Lesion (CML), also known as a corner or bucket-handle fracture, is highly specific for non-accidental injury (child abuse). It represents a series of micro-fractures across the primary spongiosa of the metaphysis. While MRI can detect bone marrow edema, these lesions are primarily identified on a skeletal survey (X-ray).

Flashcard 24: _____ sign is seen on barium swallow in CHPS because of mass impression upon antrum with streak of barium pointing towards pyloric channel

Answer: Beak

Flashcard 25: A triple bubble sign on X-ray implies a diagnosis of _____

Answer: jejunal atresia

Flashcard 26: The X-ray of choice to determine the skeletal age of a 3 to 9 month-old boy is X-ray of the _____

Answer: shoulder

Flashcard 27: Calcific stippling of the patellae, hips, and other epiphysis, also called _____ is seen in the majority of the patients of Zellweger's syndrome

Answer: chondrodysplasia punctata

Flashcard 28: USG shows _____ sign in EHBA

Answer: triangular cord

Flashcard 29: What is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosing ventricular dilatation in neonates?_____

Answer: Neurosonogram

Flashcard 30: Earliest Skull X-ray sign in a child with raised ICT is _____

Answer: Sutural diastasis