Electrolytes and Body Fluids — Flashcards

Flashcard 41: Normal osmolarity of plasma is mainly due to _____

Answer: sodium ions

Flashcard 42: What is the formula to calculate ICF?_____

Answer: TBW-ECF

Flashcard 43: Urea is a highly permeant solute, hence 300mMol/L urea solution behaves as a _____tonic solution.

Answer: hypo

Flashcard 44: _____natremic dehydration is the most dangerous type of dehydration.

Answer: Hyper

Flashcard 45: What is the formula to calculate IFV?_____

Answer: ECF-PV

Flashcard 46: Osmoreceptors that control osmolality of body fluids are located in _____ hypothalamus.

Answer: anterior

Flashcard 47: Proteins actually contribute only slightly to the total number of osmotically active particles (less than _____ mOsm/L).

Answer: 1

Extra: Although proteins exert a significant oncotic pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) of ~28 mmHg, their contribution to the total number of osmotically active particles (osmolarity) is minimal, representing less than 1 mOsm/L compared to the total plasma osmolarity of ~285-295 mOsm/L.

Flashcard 48: Which principle states that the product of the concentrations of diffusible ions on one side of a semipermeable membrane is equal to the product of the concentrations of the same ions on the other side?

Answer: Gibbs-Donnan equation (Donnan equilibrium)

Flashcard 49: The movement of which molecule across the membrane is affected most by osmotic pressure?_____

Answer: Water

Flashcard 50: Approximately _____ mL of water is lost through skin every 24 hours

Answer: 600-1000