Renal and Non-renal Excretion — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Examples of drugs eliminated by zero-order elimination include _____, ethanol, and aspirin (high concentrations)

Answer: phenytoin

Flashcard 2: Doxacurium, pancuronium, and pipecuronium are dependent on _____ for excretion

Answer: Kidneys (Renal excretion)

Flashcard 3: Aminoglycosides are _____ compounds and are excreted usually unchanged in the urine

Answer: polar

Flashcard 4: Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics have a _____ duration of action due to rapid metabolism by the liver

Answer: short

Flashcard 5: If a drug has _____ renal clearance than GFR, then drug is secreted in renal tubules.

Answer: more::more/less

Flashcard 6: Rifampicin is eliminated via the _____ route

Answer: hepatobiliary

Flashcard 7: Dialysis is _____ in removing drugs if they are sufficiently present in the free form in the plasma.

Answer: effective

Flashcard 8: What formula is used to calculate **loading dose**?

Answer: Loading Dose = $\frac{C_p \times V_d}{F}$

Extra: $C_p$ = target plasma concentration $V_d$ = volume of distribution $F$ = bioavailability

Flashcard 9: What is the formula for half-life (t1/2) in first-order elimination kinetics?

Answer: t1/2 = (0.693 × Vd) / CL

Extra: Where: - Vd = Volume of distribution - CL = Clearance Note: In first-order kinetics, the half-life is constant regardless of the plasma concentration.

Flashcard 10: What is the formula for Volume of Distribution (Vd)?

Answer: Vd = Amount of drug in the body / Plasma drug concentration (Cp)